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Controllable Interfacial Mass Transfer Intensification for Multi-liquid Phase Extraction of Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium from Wasted Auto-Catalysts

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Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of present review article is to summarize our previous efforts to develop a new three-liquid-phase extraction strategy for recovery and recycling of platinum, palladium and rhodium from the hydrochloric acid leach solutions of various wasted auto-catalysts.

Results

It was found that Pt, Pd and Rh can be separated and selectively enriched into the three different liquid phases of the proposed three-liquid-phase system (TLPS), respectively. The partitioning behaviors of Pt(IV), Pd(II), Rh(III) are controllable and have a close correlation with the phase-forming behaviours of TLPS. A microphase mass transfer mechanism was proposed to explain the differences in partitioning behaviours of three platinum metal ions. The self-assembly of amphiphlic extractant molecules in aqueous solutions result in the controllable enrichment of target metal ions by those separated microphase aggregates. The differences in interfacial mass transfer of three metals are due to a controllable microscopic interaction of platinum metal ions with the microphase aggregates.

Main conclusions

The TLPS provide a unique separation medium to control the interphase mass transfer of different metal ions. The separation selectivity of the three platinum metals was improved remarkably by using the three-liquid-phase extraction technique in comparison with the traditional liquid–liquid two phase extractions. The present researches highlight a potential possibility for future industrial application of the multiphase extraction for one-step separation of different target metals from complex mixtures.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51074150; 21027004), the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (973 programs No. 2012CBA01203, No. 2013CB632602) and the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20221603).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Kun Huang & Huizhou Liu

  2. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Kun Huang & Huizhou Liu

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  1. Kun Huang
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  2. Huizhou Liu
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Correspondence to Kun Huang.

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Huang, K., Liu, H. Controllable Interfacial Mass Transfer Intensification for Multi-liquid Phase Extraction of Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium from Wasted Auto-Catalysts. Waste Biomass Valor 4, 619–626 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-012-9168-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-012-9168-9

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