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Aerosol optical properties over Delhi during a dust event in summer 2014: plausible implications

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Abstract

Delhi experiences frequent dust storms during the pre-monsoon season. We studied one such event that occurred on May 30th, 2014 at New Delhi to understand the changes in the optical properties of aerosols. The present study utilizes the aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the ground and satellite measurements along with reanalysis data. The aerosol characteristics were examined during the pre-week and post-week of the dust storm event. The results show that AOD values reach ~ 1.0 in all the modes of measurements (i.e., sun photometer, MODIS, and MERRA-2) on the dust event day. MODIS-derived Aerosol Angstrom Exponent (AAE), which gradually decreases from 1.7 ± 0.3 to 1.1 ± 0.3, shows the presence of coarse mode particles during the event. The aerosol layer at an elevation from 1 to 2 km was observed using indigenously developed dual-polarization micro-pulse lidar (MPL) system during the dust event. The source of the dust during the storm was identified by the air mass back-trajectories analysis. The dust column mass density averaged 24 hourly at 850 hPa is 780 mg m−2 with a prevailing wind direction of west to east with wind speed of 11–13 ms−1. Shortwave aerosol direct radiative forcing (SWADRF) diurnally averaged at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), the atmosphere (ATM), and surface (SUR) are found to be − 10 W m−2, 27 W m−2, and − 37 W m−2, respectively. The heating rate was enhanced by 56% (from 0.16 to 0.25 K day−1) during the event in the whole atmospheric column. Visibility decreased by 31% during the dust storm day compared with its average value of non-dust storm days.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Director CSIR-NPL for his constant support. One of the author's DS is grateful to CSIR Network project AIM_IGPHim (PSC-0112) for project fellowship and also to the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) for facilitating as its Ph.D. student. We are thankful to MODIS NASA for AOD data and GIOVANNI for MODIS Aqua and Terra L3 data. AOD and AAE data from the AERONET site and meteorological data from (www.wunderground.com) are also acknowledged. The authors are also thankful to Global Modelling Assimilation, Maryland, USA, for providing MERRA-2 reanalysis data. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Amit Kumar Mishra for giving his useful feedback in improving the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Sciences and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India

    S. R. Radhakrishnan, Chhemendra Sharma, S. K. Mishra &  Jaswant

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 2010012, India

    Davender Sethi, S. R. Radhakrishnan, Chhemendra Sharma, S. K. Mishra &  Jaswant

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  1. Davender Sethi
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  2. S. R. Radhakrishnan
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  3. Chhemendra Sharma
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  4. S. K. Mishra
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Correspondence to S. R. Radhakrishnan.

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Sethi, D., Radhakrishnan, S.R., Sharma, C. et al. Aerosol optical properties over Delhi during a dust event in summer 2014: plausible implications. Indian J Phys 95, 2531–2540 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-021-02092-3

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