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Fucoidan Modulated Oxidative Stress and Caspase-3 mRNA Expression Induced by Sulfoxaflor in the Brain of Mice

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Abstract

The current study aimed to investigate the role of fucoidan in the oxidative and apoptotic effects of sulfoxaflor, a neonicotinoid sulfoximine insecticide, in the brain of Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus). Sulfoxaflor and fucoidan were administered to mice at doses of 15 mg/kg/day (1/50 oral LD50) and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively, by oral gavage for 24 h or 7 days. The tGSH, TBARS and protein levels, and GPx, GR, and GST enzyme activities were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Caspase-3 gene expression level was determined by RT-PCR. Data analysis showed that brains of sulfoxaflor-treated mice exhibited higher TBARS levels; GPx, GR, and GST enzyme activities; and caspase-3 expression levels, as well as lower levels of tGSH. Co-administration of fucoidan and sulfoxaflor reduced the TBARS levels, increased tGSH levels, and increased GPx, GR, and GST enzyme activities. Fucoidan also decreased the sulfoxaflor-induced up-regulation of caspase-3 mRNA expression. Results of the present study showed that sulfoxaflor caused oxidative stress by inducing lipid peroxidation and altering GSH-dependent antioxidants in the brain of mice. In addition, sulfoxaflor may trigger apoptotic cell death shown by the up-regulation of caspase-3. Fucoidan treatment modulated all the aforementioned alterations in the brain of mice. It was concluded that fucoidan might have antioxidant effects that support the GSH-dependent antioxidant system and can play a modulator role in oxidative stress and caspase-3 expression in the brain of sulfoxaflor treated-mice.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof.Dr Mehmet Bertan Yılmaz from the Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, for his valuable contribution to molecular analyzes. The authors also would like to thank from the Enzymology Laboratory and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, and Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University.

Funding

The financial support for this project (FYL-2019–12176) from Cukurova University Scientific Research Commission is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Ceyhan Veterinary Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey

    Petek Piner Benli

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey

    Merve Kaya

  3. Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey

    Cagil Coskun

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  1. Petek Piner Benli
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  2. Merve Kaya
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  3. Cagil Coskun
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Contributions

PPB Conceptualization. PPB Funding acquisition. PPB and MK, CC Investigation. PPB and MK Project administration. PPB Supervision, PPB Writing — original draft. PPB, MK, CC Writing — review and editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Petek Piner Benli.

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All the experiments were conducted in accordance with the protocols approved by Ethics Committee of the Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine Experimental Medicine Research and Application Center (Approval Code: 4, Approval Date: 08.07.2019).

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Piner Benli, P., Kaya, M. & Coskun, C. Fucoidan Modulated Oxidative Stress and Caspase-3 mRNA Expression Induced by Sulfoxaflor in the Brain of Mice. Neurotox Res 39, 1908–1919 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-021-00415-0

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