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Are Alcohol Anti-relapsing and Alcohol Withdrawal Drugs Useful in Cannabinoid Users?

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Abstract

Cannabinoids are still classified as illegal psychoactive drugs despite their broad and increasingly acknowledged therapeutic potential. These substances are most famous for their wide recreational use, particularly among young adults to either alter the state of consciousness, intensify pleasure induced by other psychoactive substances or as an alternative to the previously abused drugs. It is important to emphasize that cannabinoids are often taken together with a variety of medications intended for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) or alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). These medications include disulfiram, acamprosate, and naltrexone. In this paper, we summarize recent advances in the knowledge of possible beneficial effects and interactions between cannabinoids and drugs commonly used for treatment of AUD and AWS either comorbid or existing as a separate disorder.

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Abbreviations

5-HT:

Serotonin

AWS:

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

GABAB :

Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B

i.c.v :

Intracerebroventricular

i.v :

Intravenous

L-NAME:

NG-nitro-1-arginine methyl ester

THC:

∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol

δ:

Delta opioid receptor

k:

Kappa opioid receptor

μ:

Mu delta opioid receptor

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Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely appreciate the cooperation of Marek Konop who provided specific literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha Str, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland

    Patrycja Kleczkowska & Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny

  2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland

    Irena Smaga

  3. Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland

    Małgorzata Filip

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  1. Patrycja Kleczkowska
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Kleczkowska, P., Smaga, I., Filip, M. et al. Are Alcohol Anti-relapsing and Alcohol Withdrawal Drugs Useful in Cannabinoid Users?. Neurotox Res 30, 698–714 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-016-9655-z

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