Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prevalence of Filariasis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Upper Egypt with special reference to treatment

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Parasitic Diseases Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study aimed to detect the prevalence of camel filariasis in Upper Egypt, the effect of age, sex, season, locality and periodicity of sampling and treatment of infested cases and also determines the diagnostic technique for detection of the parasite. The study carried out on a total number of 350 camels (Camelus dromedarius) belonged to different Governorates in Upper Egypt including Assuit, Sohag, Asswan and El-wady El-gaded, by using the following methods for diagnosis of camel filariasis, wet blood film, thin blood film, thick blood film and concentration technique (Knott's technique). From the total number of examined camels (13 out of 350) camels were positive by blood film in percentage of 3.71%. The highest percentage of infection was recorded in El-Wady El-gaded Governorate (10.83%), hot season showed 4.96%, female more susceptible (7.79%) than male (2.56%), local breed more susceptible 5.9% while imported were 0%, samples taken at night time gave (5.59%) while day time 2.41%. 5–10 years old camels more susceptible than others and from clinically suspected camels (106) only 11 camels were positive by blood film while clinically healthy camels 244 only 2 camels were positive by blood film.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Availability of data and materials

The data used in this manuscript is publicly available.

Code availability

The code will be made available under request to the corresponding author.

References

  • Abdel-Gawad MA (2008) Internal parasites infecting camels in Beni-Suef Governorate. J Egypt Vet Med Assoc 68(3):215–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Salam M (1993) Trace elements varian in blood serum of adult she-camel under patho-physiological condition. M.Vet.Sci. Thesis Assiut Univ

  • Abu El-Ela A (2004) Trace elements status in healthy and diseased

  • Abu El-Magd MM, Agag BI, El-Seify MA, Ragab AM (1988) Electrophoretic pattern of camel sera infected with Dipetalonema evansi microfilariae before and after treatment by Ivermectin (Ivomic / M., S. & D.). In: Proc. 3rd Sci. Cong., Fac. Vet. Med., Assiut Univ., (Nov. 20–22, 1988): 147–159

  • Agag BI, Nasser MH, Abu-El-Magd MM, Hafez IA (1993) Clinical and biochemical studies on microfilaria and trypanosoma infected camels. Assuit Vet Med J 29(57):125–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali GA (2005) Ecto and endoparasites of camel. Ph.D. thesis, Fac. Of Vet.Med., Assuit University

  • Arafa MI (2002) Studies on two types of microfilariae in camel’s blood in upper Egypt. Assuit Vet Med J 48(95):91–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Camels, Ph.D. Thesis, Fac. of Vet. Med., Assiut University

  • Baraka TA, El-sherif MT, Kubesy AA, Illek J (2000) Clinical studies of selected rominal and blood constituents in dromedary camels affected by various diseases. Acta Vet Brno 69:61–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borji H, Ramzi G, Parandeh S (2009) Epidemiological study on haemoparasites of dromedary in Iran. J Camel Pract Res 16(2):217–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Coles EH (1986) Vetrinary clinical pathology, 4th edn. Thanders Camp-Philladelphia, London

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Amin EA, Mohamed GE, Fadl M, Elias S, Saleem MS, Elbashir MOA (1993) An outbreak of Cameline filariasis in The Sudan. Br Vet J 149:195–201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Magawry S (1983) Parameters of some blood constituents in normal and diseased camel. Ph. D. thesis, Zagazig University

  • Hashem MA, Badawy A (2008) Haematological and biochemical studies on fialriasis. Int J Vet Med 4(2):1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgins ASJ, Allen WR, Mayhew IG, Snbow DH (1992) An introduction to the camel in heath and disease. In: Proceedings of 1st international camel conference, Dubai, pp 9–17

  • Husna ME, Elmansoury YH, Saadia AY, Zakia AM, Osman AY (2008) Evaluation of some drugs against experimentally inoculated microfilariae of Onchocerca guttrusa into albino mice (Mus. musculus). In: 13th Science Congress, 2008, Fac. Vet. Med., Assuit Univ., Egypt, pp 753–761

  • Karram MH, Ibrahim H, Abdel-all ThS, Manaa AM (1991) Clinical and haematological changes in camel infected with Trypanosoma evanosi and microfilaria. Assuit Vet Med J 25(49):118–124

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohler-Rollefson L, Mundy P, Mathias E (2001) A field manual of camel diseases (Traditional and modern health care for the dromedary). Short Run Press, Exterer

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lawrence R, Thomas C (1987) A guide to laboratory procedures and identification. American Society of Clinical Pathologists, Chicago, p 328

    Google Scholar 

  • Lynch MI, Raphael SS, Mellor LD, Spare PD, Inwood MIH (1969) Laboratory technology and clinical pathology, 2nd edn. W.B/Saunder Company, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahran OM (2004) Some studies on blood parasites in camels (Camelus dromedarius) at Shalatin city, Red sea governorate. Assiut Vet Med J 50(102):172–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manaa AMA (1990) Clinical, haematological and some biochemical changes in healthy and diseased camels. Ph.D. thesis Assuit Uni

  • Muhammad SA, Farooq AA, Akhtar MS, Hayat CS (2004) Dipetalonemaisis in a dromedary camels and its treatment. Pak Vet J 24(4):205–206

    Google Scholar 

  • Omran H, Abdel-Raouf FM, Kirolose FM, El-Kabani AW (1984) Some observations on haematlogical and biochemical changes in camel suffering from diarrhea. In: 1st scientific congress Fac. Vet. Med. Assuit University, pp 135–144

  • Oryan A, Valinezhad A, Bahramal S (2008) Prevalence and pathology of camel filariasis in Iran. Parasitol Res 103:1125–1131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pathak KML, And SY, Harsh DL (1998) Prevalance of Dipetalonema evansi in camels of Rajasthtan. J Camel Pract Res 5:166

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahbari S, Bazarghani TT (1995) Blood parasites in camel of Iran. J Vet Parasitol 9:45–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan EI (1982) Studies of Acanthochilonema evanosi with special reference to the distribution of microfilariae in the different organs of the camel and their elemination from circulatory blood. Ph.D. thesis, Parasitology department, Faculty of Vet. Med. Cairo Univeristy

  • Saleh M (1976) Incidence of camel microfilaria among coast guard borders. M.Sc. Vet. Degree, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author thanks the veterinarians and farm owners for their support and help in providing data and samples collection throughout the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, PO Box 71526, Assiut, Egypt

    Ahmed Abdel-Rady

Authors
  1. Ahmed Abdel-Rady
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmed Abdel-Rady.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The author declares that they have no conflict of interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abdel-Rady, A. Prevalence of Filariasis in camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Upper Egypt with special reference to treatment. J Parasit Dis 45, 930–936 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-021-01383-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-021-01383-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation