Abstract
Among the various alloys, magnesium alloy is 3rd most familiar non-ferrous metal, which is lower density and specific mechanical behaviour including yield, ultimate tensile, and impact strength. Due to economic and complex shape production, conventional stir casting mostly refers to fabricating magnesium alloy composites and roots for non-homogenous particle distribution and oxide crack propagation. The present investigation is an effort to enhance the particle distribution and prepare the AZ31 alloy hybrid nanocomposite with different blending ratios of silicon carbide (SiC)/boron nitride (BN) nanoparticle through squeeze cast stir cast operation with an applied stir speed of 500 rpm under Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) nature. Influences of SiC and BN blending ratios and interfacial actions on microstructural and mechanical features of AZ31 alloy composite are studied, and homogenous particle distribution results in that the composite contains 5wt% BN/ 7.5wt% SiC offered maximum tensile strength (275 ± 5.5 MPa) with optimum strain (10.4%), better impact strength (15.7 ± 0.3 J/mm2), and higher hardness (71 ± 1HV).
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
References
Mussatto A, Ahad IU, Mousavian RT, Delaure Y, Brabazon D (2020) Advanced production routes for metal matrix composites. Eng Rep 3(5):12330. https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12330
Kumar SS, Revathi K, Venkatesh R, Sivaprakash E (2023) Enhancement of magnesium alloy (AZ31B) nanocomposite by the additions of zirconia nanoparticle via stir casting technique: physical, microstructural, and mechanical behaviour. Int J Metalcast. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01116-4
Thirugnanasambandham T, Chandradass J, Sethupathi PB, Martin MLJ (2019) Experimental study of wear characteristics of Al2O3 reinforced magnesium based metal matrix composites. Mater Today Proc 14(2):211–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.04.140
A. Baraniraj, AP Sathiyagnanam, RA Aravind (2023) Silicon carbide particle enriched magnesium alloy (AZ91) Composite: Physical, Microstructural and Mechanical Studies. Silicon. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-023-02516-1
Nautiyal P, Denis N, Dolmetsch T, Zhang C, Boesl B, Agarwal A (2020) Interface engineering and direct observation of strengthening behavior in field-sintered boron nitride nanotube-magnesium alloy composite. Adv Eng Mat 22(7):2000170. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.202000170
Khorashadizade F et al (2021) Overview of magnesium-ceramic composites: mechanical, corrosion and biological properties. J Mater Res Technol 15:6034–6066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.10.141
Kaliyaperumal G, Elango S, Ramalingam PS, Poures MVD (2023) Experimental study and TiC interfacial action on microstructural and mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy composite made by stir casting route. Mater Today Proc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2023.06.131
Mortensen A (2007) Concise encyclopedia of composite materials. Elsevier, second edition, 503–504, ISBN-10: 0–08–045126–8
Huang SJ, Subramani M, Chiang CC (2021) Effect of hybrid reinforcement on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy processed by stir casting method. Compos Commun 25:100772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2021.100772
Padmavathi KR, Venkatesh R, Devi GR, Muthukumar V (2023) Synthesis and characteristics evaluation of SiCnp and SICNP/CNT-reinforced AZ91D alloy hybrid nanocomposites via semisolid stir casting technique. Int J Metalcast. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01137-z
Sankhla A, Patel KM (2022) Metal matrix composites fabricated by stir casting process-a review. Adv Mater Process Technol 8(2):1270–1291. https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2020.1855404
Arunachalam R, Krishnan PK, Muraliraja R (2019) A review on the production of metal matrix composites through stir casting – furnace design, properties, challenges, and research opportunities. J Manufact Proc 42:213–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.04.017
Thangavel T, Jeyaseelan C, Paramathma BS, Mahadevan K (2019) Experimental investigation of silicon carbide nanoparticles reinforced magnesium alloy (AZ91E) metal matrix composite by vacuum stir casting method. SAE Tech Paper 28:0169. https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-28-0169
Baraniraj A, Sathiyagnanam AP, De Poures MV (2023) Vacuum stir cast developed aluminium alloy hybrid nanocomposite performance compared with gravity cast: mechanical and tribological characteristics study. Int J Metalcast. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01119-1
Gnanavelbabu A, Surendran KTS, Loganathan P, Vinothkumar E (2021) Effect of ageing temperature on the corrosion behaviour of UHTC particulates reinforced magnesium composites fabricated through ultrasonic assisted squeeze casting process. J Alloys Comp 856:158173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.158173
Khandelwal A, Mani K, Srivastava N, Gupta R, Chaudhari GP (2017) Mechanical behavior of AZ31/Al2O3 magnesium alloy nanocomposites prepared using ultrasound assisted stir casting. Compos Part B Eng 123:64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2017.05.007
Kumar KCK, Kumar BR, Rao NM (2022) Microstructural, mechanical characterization, and fractography of AZ31/SiC reinforced composites by stir casting method. Silicon 14:5017–5027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01180-7
Abbas A, Huang SJ, Ballokova B, Sulleiova K (2020) Tribological effects of carbon nanotubes on magnesium alloy AZ31 and analyzing aging effects on CNTs/AZ31 composites fabricated by stir casting process. Tribol Int 142:105982. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2019.105982
Veeranjaneyulu I, Das VC, Karumuri S (2023) Investigation of mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ31-SiC-graphite hybrid nanocomposites fabricated by bottom pouring-type stir casting machines. Adv Mater Sci Eng, 3402348. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3402348
Gandhi AGMD, Gopal PM, Shenbagaraj R, Kavimani V (2023) Effect of SiC reinforcement on mechanical and machinability characteristics of Mg/SiC/B4C hybrid composite developed through stir casting. Silicon. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-023-02444-0
Mousavi SF, Sharifi H, Tayebi M, Hamawandi B, Behnamian Y (2022) Thermal cycles behaviour and microstructure of AZ31/SiC composite prepared by stir casting. Sci Rep 12:15191. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19410-2
Mourad AHI, Christy JV, Krishnan PK, Mozumder MS (2023) Production of novel recycled hybrid metal matrix composites using optimized stir squeeze casting technique. J Manuf Process 88:45–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.01.040
Nourbakhsh SH, Shahrokhian MA, Hasanzadeh M, Atrian A (2018) Investigation of mechanical and microstructural properties of AZ31/SiC nanocomposite fabricated by squeeze stir casting. Mater Res Express 5:086514. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aad36f
Suresh S, Natarajan E, Franz G, Rajesh S (2022) Differentiation in the SiC filler size effect in the mechanical and tribological properties of friction-spot-welded AA5083-H116 alloy. Fibers 10(12):109. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib10120109
Suresh S, Venkatesan K, Natarajan E, Rajesh S (2021) Performance analysis of Nano silicon carbide reinforced swept friction stir spot weld joint in AA6061-T6 alloy. Silicon 13:3399–3412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00751-4
Suresh, Venkatesan K, Rajesh S (2019) Optimization of process parameters for friction stir spot welding of AA6061/Al2O3 by Taguchi method. AIP conference proceedings, 030018. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117961
Venkatesh R, Chandran SS (2022) Magnesium alloy machining and its methodology: a systematic review and analyses. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2473(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0096398
Sivashankar N, Viswanathan R, Periasamy K, Chandrakumar S (2021) Multi-objective optimization of performance characteristics in drilling of mg AZ61 using twist end mill drill tool. Mater Today Proc 37(Part 2):214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.033
Vivekanandan M (2021) Experimental and CFD investigation of helical coil heat exchanger with flower baffle. Mater Today Proc 37(2):2174–2182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.642
Dineshbabu CR (2019) Investigation of aspect ratio and friction on barrelling in billets of aluminium upset forging. Mater Today Proc 21(Part 1):601–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.723
Mohana Krishnan A, Dineshkumar M (2022) Evaluation of mechanical strength of the stir casted aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) using taguchi method. Mater Today Proc 62(4):1943–1946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.036
Acknowledgements
This project was supported by Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2024R5), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Funding
The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.
No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.
No funding was received for conducting this study.
No funds, grants, or other support were received.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by K.R. Padmavathi, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, R. Venkatesh and E. Sivaprakash. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [R. Venkatesh] and all authors provided language help, writing assistance and proofreading of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethical Approval
This is an observational study. SiC blending behaviour of hybrid AZ31 alloy nanocomposite: Metallographic and mechanical studies; the Research Ethics Committee has confirmed no ethical approval is required.
Consent to Participate
Informed consent was obtained from all individual authors included in the study.
Consent for Publication
We give our consent for the publication of the SiC blending behaviour of hybrid AZ31 alloy nanocomposite: Metallographic and mechanical studies to be published in the Silicon Journal.
Competing & financial Interest
The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
The authors have no competing interests to declare relevant to this article's content.
All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Padmavathi, K.R., Alharbi, S.A., Venkatesh, R. et al. SiC Blending Behaviour of Hybrid AZ31 Alloy Nanocomposite: Metallographic and Mechanical Studies. Silicon 16, 2771–2779 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-024-02880-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-024-02880-6