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Location and Redistribution of Silicon in Halophytes Distichlis spicata and Glycophyte Hordeum vulgare Under Salt Exposure

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Abstract

Saltgrass Distichlis spicata and barley Hordeum vulgare are recognized as silicon (Si) accumulative plants. Silicon content in various parts of both plant species and the effect of salt (sodium chloride) on plant Si uptake and localization were studied. Detailed testing of the total Si content in various organs in both species showed that the distribution and accumulation of this element is extremely variable. The maximum of Si content in D. spicata was observed in the shoot at the tips of the upper leaves (1.95%) and the minimum in old internode part of stem (0.26%) with average 1.07% of Si. In one-month old H. vulgare plants, the maximum Si was in the shoot tip (1.44%) and the minimum in internode of stem (0.48%), while average for whole plant was 0.84% of Si. Sodium chloride initiated increasing the Si content in stress-exposed plant parts through at least two processes: additional uptake of Si from the soil and redistribution Si from the organs being less affected by salt. As a result, Si content in stress-exposed organs increased 2–3 times compared with non-stressed plants. Stress-induced Si accumulation by shoots and its localization were enhanced with increasing salt concentration. The current results demonstrate the ability of D. spicata and H. vulgare to redistribute Si between different organs of the plants in response to internal salt stress.

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All data availability statement is present within the text of the manuscript.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of RF, theme, theme 121040500136–7 and 121040800103–6.

Authors thank Dr. Nickolas Yensen (posthumously), the creator and owner of Distichlis spicata var. yensen-4a (NyPa® Forage), who presented this desert saltgrass for our research.

Special thanks to professor Karl Biel from Biosphere Systems International Foundation, Tucson, Arizona 85755, USA for idea of this research and numerous help in the realization of the project and in article writing.

We also are grateful to Prof. Anatoly A. Kosobryukhov, who re-planted and grown in a healthy way this line of D. spicata in the greenhouse of the Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian academy of Sciences, as well as for his useful advices.

Funding

The Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation, theme 121040500136–7 and 121040800103–6.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Basic Biological Problems Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia

    Vladimir V. Matichenkov & Elena A.Bocharnikova

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  1. Vladimir V. Matichenkov
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  2. Elena A.Bocharnikova
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Contributions

Dr. Elena Bocharnikova is participated in the analysis, laboratory test and manuscript writing, Prof. Vladimir Matichenkov is participated in the sample collection, laboratory experiments and manuscript preparation.

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Correspondence to Vladimir V. Matichenkov.

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Matichenkov, V.V., A.Bocharnikova, E. Location and Redistribution of Silicon in Halophytes Distichlis spicata and Glycophyte Hordeum vulgare Under Salt Exposure. Silicon 15, 963–970 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-022-02069-9

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