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Foliar Silicon Application Regulates 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Enrichment and Improves Physio-morphological Responses and Yield Attributes in Thai Jasmine Rice

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Abstract

Silicon (Si) deficiency is one of the most important issues, especially in rice crop. Foliar Si application in rice production is an alternative way to quickly improve not only grain yield but also aroma quality (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline; 2-AP), especially in Thai jasmine rice. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of exogenous application Si as foliar spray in regulating 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) content in KDML105 and RD6 rice grain and in improving yield traits. Overall, growth characters were retained in KDML105, whereas shoot height (14.9 % over the control) and leaf length (23.4 % over the control) of RD6 treated with 2 % Si were significantly reduced. Leaf greenness (SPAD), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of KDML105 were greater than those in RD6, in relation to EVI (enhanced vegetation index), GNDVI (green normalized difference vegetation index), NDVI and OSAVI (optimized soil adjusted vegetation index) detection by UAV sensors. Vegetation indices, GNDVI, OSAVI and EVI exhibited close relation with SPAD (R2 = 0.896), shoot height (R2 = 0.4406) and aboveground biomass (R2 = 0.7791), respectively. Si concentration in flag leaf tissues of KDML105 peaked (1.14 mg g−1 DW) when treated with 2 % Si, whereas it exhibited 1.6 folds increase in rice husk (0.75 mg g−1 DW; R2 = 0.5266) over the control. The content of 2-AP in KDML105 was higher compared with RD6 and was enhanced by 2 % Si treatment (1.39 folds over the control). Yield traits in KDML105 including panicle weight, grain fertility percentage, number of panicles per m2, total grain weight and harvest index (HI) were significantly increased by 2 % Si foliar application over the control. Based on the results, Si foliar application is effective in improving grain yield and in regulating 2-AP aromatic content, which further needs to be tested for temporal variations across locations.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA Grant number P-18-51456).

Funding

This study was funded by the National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA Grant number P-18-51456).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrative Crop Biotechnology and Management Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Patchara Praseartkul, Kanyarat Taota, Rujira Tisarum, Kampol Sakulleerungroj, Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul & Suriyan Cha-um

  2. Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Road, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Atikorn Panya & Natthaporn Phonsatta

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  1. Patchara Praseartkul
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Contributions

Conceptualization: [Suriyan Cha-um, Atikorn Panya]; Methodology: [Patchara Praseartkul, Kanyarat Taota, Kampol Sakulleerungroj, Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul, Natthaporn Phonsatta]; Formal analysis and investigation: [Patchara Praseartkul, Rujira Tisarum, Thanyaporn Sotesaritkul, Natthaporn Phonsatta]; Writing -original draft preparation: [Patchara Praseartkul, Rujira Tisarum]; Writing - review and editing: [Patchara Praseartkul, Suriyan Cha-um]; Supervision: [Suriyan Cha-um].

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Correspondence to Suriyan Cha-um.

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Praseartkul, P., Taota, K., Tisarum, R. et al. Foliar Silicon Application Regulates 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Enrichment and Improves Physio-morphological Responses and Yield Attributes in Thai Jasmine Rice. Silicon 14, 6945–6955 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01488-4

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