Abstract
3D global simulations were performed to investigate the gas flow and impurities transport in casting silicon furnace under the influence of a unique designed spray-type gas guidance system (GGS). The simulation results show that, the intensity of backflow at crucible outlet had no obvious change with the application of this GGS, but the flow area of backflow was effectively inhibited above the melt free surface and the kinetic rate of reaction was weakened at the cover. Finally, the area-average concentration of CO at the melt free surface was decreased by 31 %. The GGS was optimized by the orthogonal experiment, including the argon flow rate (Q), length of deflector (L) and distance between GGS and melt free surface (H). When Q = 40 L/min, H = 50 mm and L = 50 mm, the GGS had the most obvious effect on removing impurities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
References
Dropka N, Buchovska I, Degenhardt U, Kiessling FM (2020) Influence of impurities from SiC and TiC crucible cover on directionally solidified silicon. J Cryst Growth 542:125692
Gao B, Nakano S, Kakimoto K (2010) Global simulation of coupled carbon and oxygen transport in a unidirectional solidification furnace for solar cells. J Electrochem Soc 157:H153–H159
Di Sabatino M, Binetti S, Libal J, Acciarri M, Nordmark H, Øvrelid EJ (2011) Oxygen distribution on a multicrystalline silicon ingot grown from upgraded metallurgical silicon. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 95:529–533
Chen N, Liu B, Qiu S, Liu G, Du G (2010) Study of SiC and Si3N4 inclusions in industrial multicrystalline silicon ingots grown by directional solidification method. Mater Sci Semicond Process 13:231–238
Gao B, Chen XJ, Nakano S, Kakimoto K (2010) Crystal growth of high-purity multicrystalline silicon using a unidirectional solidification furnace for solar cells. J Cryst Growth 312:1572–1576
Teng Y-Y, Chen J-C, Lu C-W, Chen C-Y (2012) Numerical investigation of oxygen impurity distribution during multicrystalline silicon crystal growth using a gas flow guidance device. J Cryst Growth 360:12–17
Teng Y-Y, Chen J-C, Huang B-S, Chang C-H (2014) Numerical simulation of impurity transport under the effect of a gas flow guidance device during the growth of multicrystalline silicon ingots by the directional solidification process. J Cryst Growth 385:1–8
Bellmann MP, Lindholm D, M׳Hamdi M (2014) A novel method for gas flow and impurity control in directional solidification of multi-crystalline silicon. J Cryst Growth 399:33–38
Liu L, Qi X, Ma W, Li Z, Zhang Y (2015) Control of the gas flow in an industrial directional solidification furnace for production of high purity multicrystalline silicon ingots. Int J Photoenergy 2015:1–10
Li J, Chen Y, Hong R (2016) Modeling and optimization of the feedstock melting for industrial photovoltaic multi-crystalline silicon ingot. Sol Energy 139:108–115
Qi X, Liu L, Ma W (2017) Effects of furnace pressure on oxygen and carbon coupled transport in an industrial directional solidification furnace for crystalline silicon ingots. J Cryst Growth 468:933–938
Teng Y-Y, Chen J-C, Lu C-W, Chen H-I, Hsu C, Chen C-Y (2011) Effects of the furnace pressure on oxygen and silicon oxide distributions during the growth of multicrystalline silicon ingots by the directional solidification process. J Cryst Growth 318(1):224–229
Su W, Li C, Qi X, Yang W, Wang J (2019) Numerical analysis and optimization of gas flow and impurity control in directional solidification multi-crystalline Si. J Cryst Growth 527:125244
Ji L, Si Y, Liu H, Song X, Zhu W, Zhu A (2014) Application of orthogonal experimental design in synthesis of mesoporous bioactive glass. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 184:122–126
Shan W, Wu L, Tao N, Chen Y, Guo D (2015) Optimization method for green SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3 + phosphors synthesized via co-precipitation route assisted by microwave irradiation using orthogonal experimental design. Ceram Int 41:15034–15040
Acknowledgements
The Project is supported by Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BE2019009-003), Industry-University-Research Project (Wuxi Suntech Solar Power Co., Ltd. Grant No. 8421130025). The National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China (Grant No. 51206069).
Funding
The Project is supported by Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BE2019009-003), Industry-University-Research Project (Wuxi Suntech Solar Power Co., Ltd. Grant No. 8,421,130,025). The National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China (Grant No. 51,206,069).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Wenjia Su contributed to the conception of the study. Jiulong Li and Chen Li performed the simulation and contributed significantly to analysis and manuscript written. Wei Yang performed the data analyses and modified the manuscript. Junfeng Wang helped perform the analysis with constructive discussion.
Ethics declarations
This manuscript is the authors’ original work and has not been published nor has it been submitted simultaneously elsewhere.
Conflict of Interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
Consent to Participate
The consent was obtained from individual or guardian participants.
Consent for Publication
That all authors have checked the manuscript and have agreed to the submission.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Su, W., Li, J., Li, C. et al. Design and Numerical Optimization of Gas Guidance System in Casting Silicon Furnace by the Orthogonal Experiment. Silicon 14, 301–307 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01192-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01192-3