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Wie viel Gewicht liegt im Gesicht?

Wahrnehmungsschwellen für körpergewichtsassoziierte Veränderungen der dreidimensionalen Gesichtsform

How much weight is in the face?

Perceptual thresholds for three-dimensional facial form changes associated with body weight

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Journal für Ästhetische Chirurgie Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Die Gesichtsform korreliert mit dem Body-Mass-Index und ist dabei Prädiktor sowohl für den wahrgenommenen, als auch den tatsächlichen Gesundheitsstatus. Die körpergewichtsassoziierte Gesichtsform ist stark an die Wahrnehmung von Attraktivität geknüpft – und zwar unabhängig von anderen „attraktiven“ Merkmalen wie zum Beispiel Hauttextur, Hautfärbung und Alter. In einer kürzlich durchgeführten Studie wurde festgestellt, dass „Gesichtsfülle“ bei Männern stärker zwischen Attraktivität und Immunkompetenz vermittelt als Femininität/Maskulinität, welche in der Attraktivitätsforschung oft als Grundpfeiler von Schönheit verstanden werden. In dieser Studie wurden Wahrnehmungsschwellen für Formveränderungen in dreidimensionalen Gesichtern in Abhängigkeit vom Körpergewicht untersucht. Für Männer fanden wir einen Schwellenwert von 1,3 kg/m2, für Frauen lag dieser bei 1,6 kg/m2. Der niedrigere Schwellenwert für Männer deutet darauf hin, dass sich die gewichtsassoziierte Gesichtsform zwischen den Geschlechtern unterscheidet. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich auch relativ geringe Änderungen des Körpergewichts im Gesicht widerspiegeln. Gemeinsam mit früheren Erkenntnissen hinsichtlich eines Zusammenhangs von gewichtsassoziierter Gesichtsform, Gesundheit und Attraktivität könnten unsere Ergebnisse dazu beitragen, Gesundheitsinterventionsstudien zu entwerfen, welche die Visualisierung gewichtsabhängiger Veränderungen im Gesicht als zusätzlichen Anreiz dafür nutzen, ein gesundes Idealgewicht zu erreichen.

Abstract

Facial shape is a reliable correlate of body mass index (BMI) and facial correlates of weight predict both actual and perceived health. Previous studies have found that facial shape cues to weight are strongly related to attractiveness independent of other components of attractiveness, such as skin colour, skin texture and age. In a recent study, facial weight (or facial adiposity) of male faces was found to provide a stronger link between attractiveness and immunocompetence than facial masculinity-femininity, which is often considered a fundamental aspect of beauty. This study examined the perceptual thresholds for a noticeable change in facial weight (represented in BMI values) in three-dimensional faces. Thresholds of 1.3 kg/m2 were found in men’s faces and 1.6 kg/m2 in women’s faces. These values represent relatively minor changes in BMI indicating that relatively subtle changes in facial weight alter facial appearance. Furthermore, thresholds were lower in men’s faces than women’s, suggesting that facial cues to weight differ between men and women. It is proposed that it might be more appropriate to refer to facial weight instead of facial adiposity, as it is not necessarily only adipose tissue that drives the perception of weight. Combined with previous findings linking facial weight, health and attractiveness, these results might help to design appearance-based interventional studies which can be an incentive for the maintenance of a healthy ideal weight.

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Re, D., Holzleitner, I., Coetzee, V. et al. Wie viel Gewicht liegt im Gesicht?. J. f. Ästhet. Chirurgie 6, 141–146 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12631-013-0240-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12631-013-0240-5

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