Skip to main content

New testing methodology for the quantification of rock crushability: Compressive crushing value (CCV)

International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials volume 25, pages 1227–1236 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Crushing is a size reduction process that plays a key role in both mineral processing and crushing–screening plant design. Investigations on rock crushability have become an important issue in mining operations and the manufacture of industrial crusher equipment. The main objective of this research is to quantify the crushability of hard rocks based on their mineralogical and mechanical properties. For this purpose, the mineralogical, physical, and mechanical properties of various hard rocks were determined. A new compressive crushing value (CCV) testing methodology was proposed. The results obtained from CCV tests were compared with those from mineralogical inspections, rock strength as well as mechanical aggregate tests. Strong correlations were found between CCV and several rock and aggregate properties such as uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), the brittleness index (S20), and aggregate impact value (AIV). Furthermore, the relationship between the mineralogical properties of the rocks and their CCVs were established. It is concluded that the proposed testing methodology is simple and highly repeatable and could be utilized as a pre-design tool in the design stage of the crushing process for rock quarries.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price includes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

References

  1. A. Gupta and D. S. Yan, Mineral Processing Design and Operations, 2nd ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2016, p. 882.

    Google Scholar 

  2. E. G. Kelly and D. J. Spottiswood, Introduction to Mineral Processing, John Wiley, Newyork, 1982, p. 491.

    Google Scholar 

  3. K. Thuro, Drillability prediction: geological influences in hard rock drill and blast tunnelling, Geol. Rundsch., (86(1997), No. (2), p. 426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. R. A. Bearman, C. A. Briggs, and T. Kojovic, The application of rock mechanics parameters to the prediction of comminution behavior, Miner. Eng., (10(1997), No. (3), p. 255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. C. A. Öztürk, E. Nasuf, and N. Bilgin, The assessment of rock cutability, and physical and mechanical rock properties from a texture coefficient, J. South Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., (104(2004), No. (7), p. 397.

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. Räisänen and A. Torppa, Quality assessment of a geologically heterogeneous rock quarry in Pirkanmaa county, southern Finland, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., (64(2005), No. (4), p. 409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. G. Tsiambaos and H. Saroglou, Excavatability assessment of rock masses using the Geological Strength Index (GSI), Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., (69(2010), No. (1), p. 13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Mwanga, J. Rosenkranz, and P. Lamberg, Testing of ore comminution behavior in the geometallurgical context − A review, Minerals., (5(2015), No. (2), p. 276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. O. Afolagboye, A. O. Talabi, and C. A. Oyelami, The use of index tests to determine the mechanical properties of crushed aggregates from Precambrian basement complex rocks, Ado-Ekiti, SW Nigeria, J. Afr. Earth Sci., (129(2017), p. 659.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. A. Bruland, T. S. Dahlo, and B. Nilsen, Tunneling performance estimation based on drillability testing, [in] International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Tokyo, 1995, p. 123.

    Google Scholar 

  11. F. J. Macias, F. Dahl, and A. Bruland, New rock abrasivity test method for tool life assessments on hard rock tunnel boring: The rolling indentation abrasion test (RIAT), Rock Mech. Rock Eng., (49(2016), No. (5), p. 1679.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Y. C. Lizotte and M. J. Scoble, Geological control over blast fragmentation, CIM Bull., (87(1994), No. (983), p. 57.

    Google Scholar 

  13. R. A. Bearman, R. W. Barley, and A. Hitchcock, Prediction of power consumption and product size in cone crushing, Miner. Eng., (4(1991), No. (12), p. 1243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. P. Heikkilä, Improving the quality of crushed rock aggregate [Dissertation], Helsinki University of Technology. Helsinki, 1991, p. 191.

    Google Scholar 

  15. B. Kekec, M. Unal, and C. Sensogut, Effect of textural properties of rocks on their crushing and grinding features, J. Univ. Sci. Technol. Beijing, (13(2006), No. (5), p. 385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. B. M. Olaleye, Influence of some rock strength properties on jaw crusher performance in granite quarry, Min. Sci. Technol., (20(2010), No. (2), p. 204.

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. Köken, H. Aydin, and A. Özarslan, Investigation of S20 brittleness index in terms of the crushability of rocks, [in] 6th International Congress on Mining, Machinery and Technology, Izmir, 2017, p. 105.

    Google Scholar 

  18. F. Dahl, A. Bruland, P. D. Jakobsen, B. Nilsen, and E. Grøv, Classifications of properties influencing the drillability of rocks, based on the NTNU/SINTEF test method, Tunnelling Underground Space Technol., (28(2012), p. 150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S. Kahraman and O. Y. Toraman, Predicting Los Angeles abrasion loss of rock aggregates from crushability index, Bull. Mater. Sci., (31(2008), No. (2), p. 173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. O. Y. Toraman, S. Kahraman, and S. Cayirli, Predicting the crushability of rocks from the impact strength index, Miner. Eng., (23(2010), No. (9), p. 752.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Teymen, Estimation of Los Angeles abrasion resistance of igneous rocks from mechanical aggregate properties, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., (2017), p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  22. S. Kahraman, O. Y. Toraman, and S. Cayirli, Predicting the strength and brittleness of rocks from a crushability index, Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., (2017), p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  23. R. Çomakli and S. Cayirli, Investigation of the relationship between some shape properties of minerals within rock textures and crushability of rocks, Omer Halisdemir Univ. J. Eng. Sci., (6(2017), No. (2), p. 670.

    Google Scholar 

  24. ISRM, Suggested Methods-Rock Characterization Testing and Monitoring, E. T. Brown, ed., Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1981, p. 211.

  25. BS 812–112, Testing Aggregates. Part 112: Method for Determination of Aggregate Impact Value (AIV), British Standard Institution, London, 1990, p. 14.

    Google Scholar 

  26. V. N. Oparin and A. S. Tanaino, A new method to test rock abrasiveness based on physico-mechanical properties and structural properties of rocks, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 7(2015), No. (3), p. 250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Federal Highway Administration, Rock and Mineral Identification for Engineers, U. S. Department of Transportation, USA, 1991, p. 57.

    Google Scholar 

  28. M. Matula, Rock and soil description and classification for engineering geological mapping report by the IAEG Commission on Engineering Geological Mapping, Bull. Int. Assoc. Eng. Geol., (24(1981), No. (1), p. 235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. M. R. Smith and L. Collis, Aggregates Sand, Gravel and Crushed Rock Aggregate for Construction Purposes, 2nd ed., Geological Society of London, London, 1993, p. 360.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University (No. 2016-98150330-01).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mining Engineering, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67100, Zonguldak, Turkey

    Ekin Köken & Ahmet Özarslan

Authors
  1. Ekin Köken
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ahmet Özarslan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ekin Köken.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Köken, E., Özarslan, A. New testing methodology for the quantification of rock crushability: Compressive crushing value (CCV). Int J Miner Metall Mater 25, 1227–1236 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1675-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1675-7

Keywords

  • crushability
  • jaw crusher
  • hard rocks
  • aggregate
  • rock strength
  • crushed stone