Résumé
Les consommations importantes d’alcool pendant la grossesse sont responsables d’atteintes foetales variables connues sous le terme de syndrome d’alcoolisation foetale. La survenue d’un retard de croissance, d’une dysmorphie, de malformations non spécifiques et d’un retard mental est bien évaluée avec une relation effet dose. Le retentissement à long terme — cognitif et comportemental — des alcoolisations maternelles légères et modérées est controversé. Compte tenu de cette toxicité, tout suivi de grossesse devrait comporter des questions concernant la consommation d’alcool de la patiente. L’utilisation d’auto-questionnaires peut améliorer la sensibilité du dépistage.
Abstract
Alcohol consumption screening is essential in pregnancy follow-up. Heavy drinking is responsible for fetal lesion best known as Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Growth retardation, facial dysmorphia, organic malformations and mental retardation can occur in case of high utero exposition with dose-effect. Long term pediatric cognition and behavior could be impaired by light or moderate maternal consumptions or occasional binge drinking. Alcohol consumption screening during pregnancy is difficult and should be improved by auto-questionnaire use.
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Vandendriessche, D., Auguet Mancini, P. & Subtil, D. Alcool pendant la grossesse : pourquoi et comment en parler ?. Rev. med. perinat. 6, 158–162 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12611-014-0291-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12611-014-0291-7