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A Combination of Essential Fatty Acids, Panax Ginseng Extract, and Green Tea Catechins Modifies Brain fMRI Signals in Healthy Older Adults

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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objectives

To assess the effects of a combination of omega 3 essential fatty acids, green tea catechins, and ginsenosides on cognition and brain functioning in healthy older adults.

Design

Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design randomized controlled trial with 26-day intervention phases and a 30-day washout period.

Setting

The Institute for Dementia Research and Prevention at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center.

Participants

Ten independently-living, cognitively-healthy older adults (mean age: 67.3 + 2.01 years). Intervention: Daily consumption of an investigational product (trade name “Cerbella TM”) consisting of an emulsified liquid combination of standardized fish oil, panax ginseng extract, and green tea catechins in a flavored base of lecithin phospholipids optimized to maximize bioavailability of the active ingredients.

Measurements

Before and after supplementation with the investigational product or placebo, participants completed cognitive tests including the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE), Stroop test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Immediate and Delayed Recall tests, as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a standard cognitive task switching paradigm.

Results

Performance on the MMSE, Stroop test, and DSST increased significantly over one month of supplementation with the investigational product (one-sample t tests, p<.05) although differences between these changes and corresponding changes during supplementation with placebo were not significant (two-sample t tests, p>.05). During supplementation with the investigational product, brain activation during task performance increased significantly more than during supplementation with placebo in brain regions known to be activated by this task (anterior and posterior cingulate cortex). Functional connectivity during task execution between task regions (middle frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex) increased significantly during supplementation with the investigational product, relative to placebo. Functional connectivity during rest between task regions (precentral gyrus and middle frontal gyrus) and default mode network regions (medial frontal gyrus and precuneus) decreased during supplementation with the investigational product relative to placebo, suggesting greater segregation of task and rest related brain activity.

Conclusion

One-month supplementation with a combination of omega 3 essential fatty acids, green tea catechins, and ginsenosides was associated with suggestive changes in cognitive functioning as well as modification of brain activation and brain functional connectivity in cognitively healthy older adults.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA

    Owen T. Carmichael, S. Pillai & J. N. Keller

  2. MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    P. Shankapal

  3. Neurodyn, Inc, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada

    A. McLellan & D. G. Kay

  4. University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA

    B. T. Gold

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  1. Owen T. Carmichael
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Carmichael, O.T., Pillai, S., Shankapal, P. et al. A Combination of Essential Fatty Acids, Panax Ginseng Extract, and Green Tea Catechins Modifies Brain fMRI Signals in Healthy Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 22, 837–846 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-018-1028-2

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