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Glomerular filtration rate estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula better predicts anti-Xa levels than modification of the diet in renal disease equation in older patients with prophylactic enoxaparin

The journal of nutrition, health & aging volume 16, pages 647–652 (2012)Cite this article

An Erratum to this article was published on 13 September 2012

Abstract

Objectives

Older people have an increased risk of Low Molecular Weight Heparin accumulation leading to an increased bleeding risk. The objective of this study was to assess whether reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR), estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault or Modification of the Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations, indicates drug accumulation by increased anti-Xa levels in older subjects receiving prophylactic enoxaparin treatment.

Design

Cohort study.

Setting

Acute geriatric units in Nancy Hospital.

Participants

Ninety-two consenting consecutive patients, 65 and older, confined to bed for an acute medical condition requiring enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism, and hospitalized for at least six days were enrolled.

Measurements

Serum creatinine and peak plasma anti-Xa levels 3 to 4 hours after the daily injection of enoxaparin were measured at days 3, 6, 9 and 12 (first dose of enoxaparin at day one). Analyses of variance for repeated measures were used to evaluate significant predictors of peak anti-Xa activity in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

A significant correlation was observed between anti-Xa activity and GFR estimated with the Cockcroft formula r=0.43. Following univariate analysis, the three factors associated with higher anti-Xa levels were a lower Cockcroft-Gault GFR (p=0.0002), female gender (p=0.0003) and a lower bodyweight (p<.0001). No significant association between anti-Xa levels and MDRD GFR (p=0.33) was observed. Following multivariate analysis, female gender (p=0.02), bodyweight (p=0.04) and Cockcroft GFR (p=0.05) remained independent determinants of anti-Xa levels.

Conclusion

In hospitalized patients older than 65 years old, the Cockcroft-Gault equation, in contrast to the MDRD equation, is able to predict the risk of higher anti-Xa levels.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geriatric Unit, Hopital de Brabois, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France

    B. Dufour, A. Kearney-Schwartz, M. -C. Laurain, L. Joly, J. Deibener, A. Benetos & Christine Perret-Guillaume

  2. Haematology Laboratory, Hopital de Brabois, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France

    M. Toussaint-Hacquard & T. Lecompte

  3. Inserm — Clinical Investigation Center, CIC9501, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, Nancy, France

    A. Kearney-Schwartz, A. Benetos & Christine Perret-Guillaume

  4. Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital, Dijon, France

    M. D. P. Manckoundia

  5. Department of vascular medicine, Hopital de Brabois, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France

    D. Wahl

  6. INSERM U961, Faculte de Medecine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, Nancy, France

    D. Wahl, T. Lecompte & A. Benetos

  7. Nancy-Universite, Universite Paul Verlaine Metz, Universite Paris Descartes, EA 4360 Apemac, Nancy, France

    Christine Perret-Guillaume

  8. Geriatric Unit, Hopital de Brabois, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France

    Christine Perret-Guillaume

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  1. B. Dufour
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  2. M. Toussaint-Hacquard
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  11. Christine Perret-Guillaume
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Correspondence to Christine Perret-Guillaume.

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Dufour, B., Toussaint-Hacquard, M., Kearney-Schwartz, A. et al. Glomerular filtration rate estimated by Cockcroft-Gault formula better predicts anti-Xa levels than modification of the diet in renal disease equation in older patients with prophylactic enoxaparin. J Nutr Health Aging 16, 647–652 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-012-0072-6

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Key words

  • Older
  • low molecular weight heparin
  • glomerular filtration rate estimation