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The effect of different oviposition and preadult development temperatures on the biological characteristics of four Trichogramma spp. parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) species

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Abstract

Trichogramma parasitoids are effective biocontrol agents and a reliable component of integrated strategies against lepidopterous pests. The success of these parasitoids in pest management relies not only on their ability to parasitize their hosts but also on their adaptation to the climatic conditions of the release area, particularly temperature. The expression of life history traits of Trichogramma spp. can vary significantly with temperature, depending on the species or strains being tested. Trichogramma cacoeciae (Marchal), T. euproctidis (Girault), T. minutum (Riley), and T. brassicae (Bezdenko) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) are currently used in biocontrol programs against important lepidopteran pests. We aimed to assess the temperature sensitivity of these parasitoids during oviposition and preadult development, and to identify the most tolerant species to high temperatures conditions commonly encountered in Mediterranean Basin countries during the growing seasons. The biological characteristics of the four species were determined at seven temperature regimes expressed as temperatures during oviposition and preadult development (25/25, 25/30, 25/35, 25/40, 30/30, 35/35 and 40/40 °C), using Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs. Trichogramma cacoeciae showed the highest level of parasitism at 30/30 °C, while the other species exhibited the highest levels at 25/25 °C and 25/30 °C. All Trichogramma species were able to develop and survive from 25 °C to 35 °C, but not at 40 °C. Temperature significantly affected the longevity and fecundity of female progeny, with both decreasing when the temperature increased from 25 °C to 35 °C. When exposed to 35/35 °C, T. cacoeciae demonstrated the most optimal performance in terms of parasitization efficiency, developmental capacity, progeny longevity, and fecundity.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are very grateful to Mrs Sonia Jandoubi for her technical assistance in the rearings. This work was supported by the National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Plant Protection, Technical Centre of Dates, 4280, Kebili, Tunisia

    Anis Zouba, Sahar Zougari, Nabila Kadri & Foued Ben Hmida

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanlıurfa, 63050, Turkey

    Mehmet Mamay

  3. Department of Plant Health and Environment. LR14AGR02 of Bioaggressors and Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, 43 Street Charles Nicolle, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia

    Kaouthar Lebdi-Grissa

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Contributions

SZ conducted experiment. AZ and SZ contributed equally to the writing of the contents present under different sub-headings of the manuscript. MM revised the manuscript. All generated data were statistically analyzed by SZ and critically checked and verified by KGL. NK help in data entry evaluation. KGL and FBH supervise. All the authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sahar Zougari.

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Anis Zouba and Sahar Zougari contributed equally to the work, and should be concidered as co-first authors.

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Zouba, A., Zougari, S., Mamay, M. et al. The effect of different oviposition and preadult development temperatures on the biological characteristics of four Trichogramma spp. parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) species. Phytoparasitica 52, 19 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-024-01128-8

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