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Oomycetes species associated with soybean in Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)

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Abstract

Soybean damping off and root and stem rot are mainly caused by soil oomycetes and they can cause severe seedling stand reductions. Between 2013 and 2016, soybean production areas were surveyed in different localities of the north (NBA) and southeast (SEBA) of Buenos Aires Province. Plant, soil and post harvested grain samples were obtained, brought to the laboratory and treated by multiple techniques. The isolates recovered were identified using both morphological and molecular characters. As regards seedlings and soil, 68 Phytophthora isolates were recovered from NBA and 124 from SEBA, all of which were classified as Ph. sojae. Also 181 Pythium isolates were recovered from NBA and 102 from SEBA, belonging to nine Pythium species and three Phytophytium species; and four Pythium species respectively. In both cases P. ultimum and P. irregulare were prevalent. With respect to grain samples, a total of 40 Pythium isolates were recovered, belonging to seven species of Pythium and one species of Phytopythium. The species most frequently recovered were Phy. vexans and P. acanthicum. Pathogenicity was evaluated with representative isolates of each of the 21 species on soybean cv. Harosoy. P. ultimum sensu lato, P. irregulare, P. sylvaticum, P. aphanidermatum and P. paroecandrum were highly pathogenic on soybean seedlings, whereas P. acanthicun, P. nunn and P. periplocum were non-pathogenic on soybean seedlings. This study provides a comparative characterization of oomycete species associated with soybean and provides a basis for disease management and breeding programs in Argentina.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dra. Paloma Abad Campos “Laboratorio del Grupo de investigación en Hongos Fitopatógenos (Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo) de la Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (España)” and Dra. Gloria Abad (USDA-APHIS-PPQ Center for Plant Health Science & Technology) for their generous and selfless help.

Funding

This research was funded by “Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica, Universidad de Buenos Aires” N° 20020170200391BA and 20020190200426BA projects.

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  1. Catedra de Fitopatología, FAUBA, Av. San Martín 4453, C1417DSE, CABA, Argentina

    Pablo E. Grijalba

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, UNMdP, RN 226, Km 73,5 7620 BKL., Balcarce, Argentina

    Azucena del C. Ridao

  3. Instituto de Botánica Spegazzini, FCNyM, Calle 53 Nro 477, B1900AVJ, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Mónica M. Steciow

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Grijalba, P.E., Ridao, A.d. & Steciow, M.M. Oomycetes species associated with soybean in Buenos Aires Province (Argentina). Phytoparasitica 49, 1027–1042 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-021-00921-z

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