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Change in activity of detoxifying enzymes in directionally selected population of tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora) (Heteroptera: Miridae) by an organophosphate insecticide

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Abstract

The heteropteran bug, Helopeltis theivora is a polyphagous pest attacking the foliage crop tea and several other crops grown in the old world tropics. Application of synthetic insecticides, especially organophosphate was so far an effective and economic means of conventional management of the pest. Severe selection (bottlenecking) of H. theivora population by exposure to LC80 dose of an organophosphate insecticide, monocrotophos resulted in 105 fold increase in tolerance level in the third generation. The total activity of general esterases (GE) and cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases (CYP450) analogously increased in insecticide-selected F2 generation by 16.4 and 9.5 fold, respectively. Such enhanced enzyme activity could be related to the higher tolerance levels of the selected bug. Electropherogram of GE and CYP450 of the insecticide-selected generations indicated a change in isozyme profile with their elevated expressions. Induced isozymes in insecticide selected generations were only partially inhibited, when blocked by the insecticide. These findings imply that different groups (zones) of isozymes of the detoxifying enzymes are involved in imparting higher tolerance in insecticide-selected generations. Isozyme profiles of defence enzymes can be used as indices for identifying tolerance level in the field population of H. theivora, enabling tea planters to carry out rapid monitoring of the tolerance status of the pest populations, thereby providing a ready clue to choose an effective insecticide for pest management.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Head, DST-FIST and UGC-SAP supported Department of Zoology, the University of North Bengal for providing us with necessary infrastructures and other help for carrying out the research. The financial assistance provided by the University Grants Commission, New Delhi in the form of BSR fellowship, vide letter No. F.25-1/2013-14 (BSR)/7-134/2007(BSR), Dated: 30th May 2014 to Mr. Kumar Basnet is duly acknowledged. We are also thankful to the managers of various tea plantations for their cooperation during sampling. We would also like to thank the Tea Research Association authority both at Tocklai and Nagrakata for their help in arranging visits to tea estates for specimen sampling and providing literature related to our study. Thanks are also extended to Mr. Tinku Roy for helping in maintaining insect culture.

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  1. Entomology Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, P.O North Bengal University, District-Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734 013, India

    Kumar Basnet & Ananda Mukhopadhyay

  2. Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, P.O North Bengal University, District-Darjeeling, West Bengal, 734 013, India

    Min Bahadur

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Basnet, K., Bahadur, M. & Mukhopadhyay, A. Change in activity of detoxifying enzymes in directionally selected population of tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora) (Heteroptera: Miridae) by an organophosphate insecticide. Phytoparasitica 45, 527–539 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-017-0603-0

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