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Influence of different fertilization regimes on plant-parasitic nematodes in the black soil region of Northeast China

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Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes can cause serious plant diseases and adversely affect crop production. We investigated the temporal and vertical dynamics of plant-parasitic nematodes in northeast China to determine if long-term fertilizer application suppresses the population of plant-parasitic nematodes and influences their vertical distribution in the black soil region. The long-term fertilizer application lasted for 14 years, and included three treatments: pig manure combined with chemical fertilizer (MCF), chemical fertilizer (urea and ammonium phosphate, CF), and no fertilizer (NF). A 3-year corn-wheat-soybean rotation was grown on the field site, soil samples were obtained in the corn phase and nematodes were extracted, identified and counted. Six plant-parasitic nematode genera with relative abundance over 0.1% were found in this study. Heterodera was the dominant genus in all three fertilizer treatments, and its relative abundance was highest in NF (45.4%) and lowest in MCF (32.8%). Fertilizer application had a significant effect on abundance of total soil nematodes but not on either plant-parasitic nematodes or Heterodera. Significant differences in the abundance of total soil nematodes, plant-parasitic nematodes and Heterodera were observed among soil depths and interaction of fertilizer × soil depth. Total soil nematodes were mainly distributed in the 0–20 cm soil layer, and plant-parasitic nematodes and Heterodera were mostly distributed in the 10–30 cm soil layer. Fertilizer application did not show a significant effect on plant-parasitic nematodes or Heterodera at any of the sampling depths from 0 to 80 cm. The results indicated that fertilizer has no effective control on plant-parasitic nematodes when dominant genera and their respective plant hosts exist in relatively high abundance.

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Acknowledgments

The study was financially supported by National Natural Scientific Youth fund of China (3100025), National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971900), and Key Laboratory fund of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011 ZKHT-06).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, National Observation Station of Hailun Agroecology System, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 150081, Harbin, China

    Fengjuan Pan, Yanli Xu, Xiaozeng Han & Lili Zhan

  2. Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K1A 0C6, Ottawa, Canada

    Neil B. McLaughlin

  3. Jiamusi Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 150069, Harbin, China

    Wei Liu

  4. Horticultural Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 150069, Harbin, China

    Dan Zhao

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  1. Fengjuan Pan
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  2. Yanli Xu
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  4. Wei Liu
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  7. Dan Zhao
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Correspondence to Yanli Xu.

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Pan, F., Xu, Y., McLaughlin, N.B. et al. Influence of different fertilization regimes on plant-parasitic nematodes in the black soil region of Northeast China. Phytoparasitica 41, 355–363 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-013-0295-z

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