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Effect of annealing process on the physical properties of ZnO nanorods and their performances as photodetectors

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Abstract

This study examines the impact of thermal annealing on ZnO nanorods produced by vapour phase transport. Nanorods were annealed at temperatures of 300, 500, and 700 °C. It has been demonstrated through X-ray diffraction that the annealing process led to an increase in crystalline size from 34 to 51 nm, indicating improved crystallinity. The optical bandgap decreased from 3.28 to 3.22 eV as a result of defect minimization during annealing. Due to increased crystallinity and fewer defects, annealing increased the dark conductivity from 0.8 to 2 S/cm, as shown by electrical experiments. After annealing, the photosensitivity increased from 10 to 35 and the responsivity rose from 0.18 to 0.48 A/W. The quantitative results demonstrate that annealing modifies the physical properties of ZnO nanorods and improves their photodetection capabilities.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the University of Technology-Iraq for the logistic support this work.

Funding

No fund has been received for this research study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

    Shams B. Ali & Makram A. Fakhri

  2. Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  3. Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  4. Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  5. Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

  6. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, 1216, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

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  1. Shams B. Ali
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Contributions

S.B. Ali, and M. A. Fakhri, Subash C.B. Gopinath. S.B. Ali, M. A. Fakhri, and S. C.B. Gopinath conceived of the presented idea. S.B. Ali, M. A. Fakhri, and S. C.B. Gopinath conducted the experiments. S.B. Ali, and M. A. Fakhri, and S. C.B. Gopinath edited the English language. All authors discussed the results and contributed equally to the final manuscript. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research, analysis and manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shams B. Ali or Makram A. Fakhri.

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Ali, S.B., Fakhri, M.A. & Gopinath, S.C.B. Effect of annealing process on the physical properties of ZnO nanorods and their performances as photodetectors. J Opt (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-024-01789-y

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