Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Channel modeling for UWOC: a simulation approach

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Optics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, the main aim is to study, simulate, and investigate a basic underwater optical wireless communication system in a direct line of sight (LoS) configuration. For this, we calculate total attenuation in ocean water, concerning depth-based chlorophyll concentration profile, in Scilab. The optical wavelength is 450 nm and depth varies from 0 to 250 m. Using these parameters, we found the optimum channel for all water types, comparing attenuation values at deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM). For the S9 chlorophyll profile, the DCM we found was 10 m, with attenuation at DCM as 7.391 m −  1. Then a simple system was designed in Optisystem, with blue light-emitting diode (LED) as the transmitter, for non-return-to-zero on–off keying (NRZ-OOK) modulation. The system performance was analyzed by visualizing the eye diagram at 50 Mbps and 10 m channel length. This study also emphasizes the selection of a suitable frequency of light that can traverse the channel with minimum path loss and a compatible bit rate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Giles and I. Bankman, Underwater optical communications systems. part 2: basic design considerations, MILCOM 2005 - 2005 IEEE Military Communications Conference, 1700–1705 3, (2005)

  2. L.J. Johnson, R.J. Green, M.S. Leeson, Underwater optical wireless communications: depth dependent variations in attenuation. Appl. Opt. 52(33), 7867–7873 (2013)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. A.N.Z. Rashed, H.A. Sharshar, “Performance evaluation of short range underwater optical wireless communications for different ocean water types. Wireless. Pers. Commun. 72(1), 693–708 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. F. Abdalkarim Tahir, Open ocean underwater wireless optical communi- cation: chlorophyll and depth dependent variation in attenuation, Ph.D. dissertation, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, (2015).

  5. J. Uitz, H. Claustre, A. Morel, S.B. Hooker, Vertical distribution of phytoplankton communities in open ocean: an assessment based on surface chlorophyll. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 111, C8 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. T. Kameda, S. Matsumura, Chlorophyll biomass off sanriku, north- western pacific, estimated by ocean color and temperature scanner (octs) and a vertical distribution model. J. Oceanogr. 54(5), 509–516 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. V.I. Haltrin, Chlorophyll-based model of seawater optical properties. Appl. Opt. 38(33), 6826–6832 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. D. Stramski, A. Bricaud, A. Morel, Modeling the inherent optical properties of the ocean based on the detailed composition of the planktonic community. Appl. Opt. 40(18), 2929–2945 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. J. Li, Y. Ma, Q. Zhou, B. Zhou, H. Wang, Monte Carlo study on pulse response of an underwater optical channel. Opt. Eng. 51(6), 066001 (2012)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. R.C. Smith, K.S. Baker, Optical properties of the clearest natural waters (200–800 nm). Appl. Opt. 20(2), 177–184 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Z. Lee, K.L. Carder, R. Steward, T. Peacock, C. Davis, J. Patch, An empirical algorithm for light absorption by ocean water based on color. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 103(967–27), 978 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  12. L. J. Johnson, The underwater optical channel, Dept.Eng.,Univ.Warwick, Coventry, UK, Tech. Rep, (2012)

  13. R.H. Stavn, A.D. Weidemann, Optical modeling of clear ocean light fields: Raman scattering effects. Appl. Opt. 27(19), 4002–4011 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. K. Shifrin, Physical optics of ocean water (Springer Science & Business Media, 1998)

    Google Scholar 

  15. C.T. Manimegalai, K. Sabitha Gauni, R.B. Kalimuthu, Design and analysis of turbo-coded DCM-OFDM ultra-wideband system with radio-over-fiber and wireless transmission in underwater communication. J. Opt. 49(1), 140–146 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-020-00603-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. R. H. Byrne, F. T. Mackenzie, and A. C. Duxbury, “Seawater,” (2018). [Online]. Available: https://www.britannica.com/science/seawater

  17. C.D. Mobley, The optical properties of water. Handbook Opt. 1, 43–43 (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  18. S. Gauni, C.T. Manimegalai, K.M. Krishnan, V. Shreeram, V.V. Arvind, T.V. Srinivas, Design and analysis of co-operative acoustic and optical hybrid communication for underwater communication. Wireless Pers. Commun. 117(2), 561–75 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S. V. Kartalopoulos, Factors affecting the signal quality in optical data transmission and estimation method for ber and SNR, In: International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC , 2. IEEE, 615–619, (2004)

  20. C.T. Manimegalai, K. Kalimuthu, S. Gauni, Toward integrating bidirectional multiband data and power transmission using double clad optical fibers for the next generation disaster resilient managing communication systems. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 64(4), 816–820 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. S.G. KalimuthuKrishnan, C.T. Manimegalai, V. Malsawmdawngliana, Ambient noise analysis in underwater wireless communication using laser diode. J Opt Laser Technol 114, 135–139 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science & Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India

    C. T. Manimegalai, Hemanga Bhatta, Himanshu Thakur & Afaan Iliyas

Authors
  1. C. T. Manimegalai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hemanga Bhatta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Himanshu Thakur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Afaan Iliyas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. T. Manimegalai.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Manimegalai, C.T., Bhatta, H., Thakur, H. et al. Channel modeling for UWOC: a simulation approach. J Opt 51, 810–818 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-022-00854-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-022-00854-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation