Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Alterations in Digestive Enzymes of Three Freshwater Teleostean Fishes by Almix Herbicide: A Comparative Study

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Proceedings of the Zoological Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Three freshwater teleostean fishes viz., Anabas testudineus (Bloch), Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) were exposed to almix (66.67 mg/l) herbicide for 30 days to investigate the activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase and protease) in stomach, intestine and liver. Amylase activity showed significantly high (p < 0.05) in all the fishes compared to control value and highest activity was observed in liver of A. testudineus (721.99 %) and minimum in intestine of H. fossilis (195.37 %). Lipase activity was also significantly increased (p < 0.05) in all the tissues; but highest in intestine of O. niloticus (235.51 %) and minimum in intestine of A. testudineus (130.51 %). Protease activity also showed similar trends of enhancement; it was maximum in stomach of O. niloticus (362.69 %), whereas in liver of H. fossilis it was rather less (173.72 %). Increased activity of digestive enzymes resulting from tissue damage ultimately affected the fish health due to impairment of digestive physiology confirming the herbicidal contamination on fish species. The sensitivity to the almix herbicide was pronounced in the order of O. niloticus > A. testudineus > H. fossilis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aronson, Kristan J., Anthony B. Miller, Christy G. Woolcott, Ernest E. Sterns, David R. McCready, Lavina A. Lickley, Edward B. Fish, George Y. Hiraki, Claire Holloway, Ted Ross, Wedad M. Hanna, Sandip K. SenGupta, and Jean-Phillipe Weber. 2000. Breast adipose tissue concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls and other organochlorine and breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 9(1): 55–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernfeld, P. 1955. Enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. In Methods in enzymology, ed. S.P. Colowick, and N.O. Kaplam. New York: Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Binelli, Andrea, and Alfredo Provini. 2004. Risk for human health of some POPs due to fish from Lake Iseo. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 58: 139–145.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cavas, Tolga, and Serap Ergene-Gözükara. 2005. Genotoxicity evaluation of metronidazole using the piscine micronucleus test by acridine orange fluorescent staining. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 19(1): 107–111.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cerejeira, M.J., P. Vianab, S. Batistaa, T. Pereiraa, E. Silvaa, M.J. Valerio, A. Silvaa, M. Ferreirab, and A.M. Silva-Fernandes. 2003. Pesticides in Portuguese surface and ground waters. Water Research 37(5): 1055–1063.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cherry, Ian S., and Lathan A. Crandall Jr. 1932. The specificity of pancreatic lipase: its appearance in the blood after pancreatic injury. American Journal of Physiology 100: 266–273.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, A. Clive. 1973. Persistent pesticides in the environment. Cleveland: CRC Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fernández Gimenez, A.V., F.L. García-Carreño, M.A. Navarrete del Toro, and Jorge L. Fenucci. 2001. Digestive proteinases of red shrimp Pleoticus muelleri (Decapoda, Penaeoidea): partial characterization and relationship with molting. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B 130: 331–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Furné, M., M.C. Hidalgo, A. López, M. García-Gallego, A.E. Morales, A. Domezain, J. Domezainé, and A. Sanz. 2005. Digestive enzymes activities in Adriatic sturgeon (Acipenser naccarii) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A comparative study. Aquaculture 250: 391–398.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganesh, K., C. Janaiah, and P. Venkateshwarlu. 2006. Specific activity levels of protease, aminases and GDH in fresh water fish Clarias batrachus on exposure to profenophos. Journal of Aquatic Biology 21(2): 196–199.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, A.K., P. Pandey, and S. Srivastava. 2007. Effect of pesticides on the enzyme activity in the fish, Channa striatus. Plant Archives 7(2): 749–751.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper, H.A., V.W. Rodwell, and P.A. Mayes. 1977. Review of physiological chemistry. California: Large Medical Publications.

  • Jabeen, A.A., M.D. Bindhuja, and K. Revati. 2008. Biochemical changes induced by rice herbicide ALMIX 20 WP (Metsulfuron-methyl 10% + Chlorimuron-ethyl 10%) on fresh water fish, Cyprinus carpio. Journal of Experimntal Zoology, India 11(1): 179–183.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lakra, Wazir Singh, and Naresh Sahebrao Nagpure. 2009. Genotoxicological studies in fishes: a review. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 79: 93–98.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lopez-Barea, J. 1996. Biomarkers to detect environmental pollution. Toxicology Letters 88: 77–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lowry, Oliver H., Nira J. Rosebrough, Lewis A. Farr, and Rose J. Randall. 1951. Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. The Journal of biological chemistry 193: 265–275.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Naveed, A. 2003. A review of environmental pollution and its impact on biotic fauna. Dissertation, SRTM University, Nanded.

  • Nemsok, J., and L. Boross. 1981. The effect of pesticides on the proteolytic enzymes activity of fishes. Acta Biologica Szegediensis 27: 3–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palus, Jadwiga, Elżbieta Dziubałtowska, and Konrad Rydzyński. 1999. DNA damage detected by the comet assay in the white blood cells of workers in a wooden furniture plant. Mutation Research 444: 61–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Safety Data Sheet, 2012. DuPont™ Almix® 20 WP. Version 2.1, Revision Date 27.07.2012 (Ref. 130000029001).

  • Samanta, Palas, Sandipan Pal, Aloke Kumar Mukherjee, Tarakeshwar Senapati, and Apurba Ratan Ghosh. 2014. Effects of almix herbicide on metabolic enzymes in different tissues of three teleostean fishes Anabas testudineus, Heteropneustes fossilis and Oreochromis niloticus. International Journal of Scientific Research in Environmental Sciences 2(5): 156–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samanta, Palas, Sandipan Pal, Aloke Kumar Mukherjee, Tarakeshwar Senapati, and Apurba Ratan Ghosh. 2013. Evaluation of enzymatic activities in liver of three teleostean fishes exposed to commercial herbicide, Almix 20 WP. Proceedings of the Zoological Society. doi:10.1007/s12595-013-0086-z.

    Google Scholar 

  • Samanta, Palas, Tarakeshwar Senapati, Aloke Kumar Mukherjee, Subinoy Mondal, Smaranya Haque, and Apurba Ratan Ghosh. 2010. Effectiveness of almix in controlling aquatic weeds and fish growth and its consequent influence on water and sediment quality of a pond. The Bioscan 3: 691–700.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senapati, Tarakeshwar, Aloke Kumar Mukherjee, and Apurba Ratan Ghosh. 2012. Observations on the effect of Almix 20 WP herbicide on ultrastructure (SEM) in different regions of elementary canal of Anabas testudineus (Cuvier). International Journal of Food, Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 2(1): 32–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senapati, Tarakeshwar, Palas Samanta, Subinoy Mondal, and Apurba Ratan Ghosh. 2013. Study on histopathological, histochemical and enzymological alterations in stomach and intestine of Anabas testudineus (Cuvier) exposed to Almix 20WP herbicide. International Journal of Food, Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 3(2): 100–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shoba Rani, V., P. Venkateshwarlu, and C. Janaiah. 1989. Alteration in aminotransferases of freshwater fish Clarias batrachus, after exposure to trichlorfon. Journal of Environment and Ecology 7(4): 930–932.

    Google Scholar 

  • Snell, F.D., and C.T. Snell. 1971. Colorimetric methods of analysis. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Oost, Ron, Jonny Beyer, and Nico P.E. Vermeulen. 2003. Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 13(2): 57–149.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Venkateshwarlu, P., V.J. Shobha Rani, C. Janaiah, and M.S.K. Prasad. 1987. Effect of endosulfan on carbohydrate metabolism in Clarias batrachus (Linn). Indian Journal of Comparative Animal Physiology 5(2): 79–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waliszewski, S.M., R.M. Infanzon, and M.M. Hart. 2003. Difference in persistent organochloride pesticides concentration between breast adipose tissue and blood serum. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70: 920–926.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ye, Yuantu, Lin Shimei, Luo Li, Yang Sihua, and Chen Wen. 1998. The effect of temperature and pH value on activities of proteases and amylases from Silurus meridionalis and Leiocassis longirostris. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University 13: 17–23.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors like to thank Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for the financial assistance. We also like to acknowledge the Head, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India for providing the laboratory facilities and library facilities during the course of research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecotoxicology Lab, Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, 713104, West Bengal, India

    Palas Samanta & Apurba Ratan Ghosh

  2. Department of Environmental Science, Aghorekamini Prakashchandra Mahavidyalaya, Subhasnagar, Bengai, Hooghly, 712611, West Bengal, India

    Sandipan Pal

  3. P.G. Department of Conservation Biology, Durgapur Government College, Durgapur, 713214, West Bengal, India

    Aloke Kumar Mukherjee

  4. School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Poornima University, Jaipur, 302022, Rajasthan, India

    Tarakeshwar Senapati

Authors
  1. Palas Samanta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sandipan Pal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aloke Kumar Mukherjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tarakeshwar Senapati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Apurba Ratan Ghosh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Apurba Ratan Ghosh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Samanta, P., Pal, S., Mukherjee, A.K. et al. Alterations in Digestive Enzymes of Three Freshwater Teleostean Fishes by Almix Herbicide: A Comparative Study. Proc Zool Soc 69, 61–66 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-014-0122-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-014-0122-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation