Skip to main content
Log in

Study of Freeze-thaw Induced Damage Characteristic for Himalayan Schist

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

The freeze-thaw (F-T) induced deterioration in rocks affects their durability, leading to various landslides, rockslides, and avalanches. The study focuses on estimating loss in rock strength using mineralogical properties under the influence of multiple FT cycles. The rock samples were collected from F-T affected north Indian Himalayan region. The rock specimens were subjected to multiple F-T conditioning (0th, 10th, 20th and 30th F-T cycles). The mineralogical properties (such as mineralogical indices and textural indices) and mechanical properties (such as uniaxial compressive strength; UCS and Brazilian tensile strength; BTS) were calculated before and after F-T conditioning. A correlation was developed among the various strength properties and mineralogical properties. The result shows a strong relationship between the UCS and BTS with mean grain size. Further, results were used to develop a mathematical model, based on mineralogical parameter and decay function, to predict the rock strength under the influence of multiple F-T cycles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bayram, F. (2012) Predicting mechanical strength loss of natural stones after freeze-thaw in cold regions. Cold Regions Science and Technology, v.83, pp.98–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, L., Li, K., Song, G., Zhang, D. and Liu, C. (2021) Effect of freeze-thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone. Scientific Reports, v.11(1), pp.1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, G.P. and Nye, J.F. (1985) A photoelastic study of ice pressure in rock cracks. Cold Regions Science and Technology, v.11(2), pp.141–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deprez, M., De Kock, T., De Schutter, G. and Cnudde, V., (2020) A review on freeze-thaw action and weathering of rocks. Earth-Sci. Rev., v.203, pp.103–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Du, Y., Xie, M.W., Jiang, Y.J., Li, B., Chicas, S. (2017) Experimental rock stability assessment using the frozen-thawing test. Rock Mech. Rock Engg., v.50, pp.1049–1053.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hashemi, M., Goudarzi, M.B., Jamshidi, A. (2018) Experimental investigation on the performance of Schmidt hammer test in durability assessment of carbonate building stones against freeze-thaw weathering. Environ. Earth Sci., v.77, pp.1–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, W.H., Scussiato, T., Vagnon, F., Ferrero, A.M., Migliazza, M.R., Ramis, J. and de Queiroz, P.I.B. (2021) On the thermal stresses due to weathering in natural stones. Appl. Sci. (Switzerland), v.11(3), pp.1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jamshidi, A., Nikudel, M.R. and Khamehchiyan, M. (2017) A novel physicomechanical parameter for estimating the mechanical strength of travertines after a freeze-thaw test. Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., v.76(1), pp.181–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jamshidi, A. (2021) Predicting the Strength of Granitic Stones after Freeze-Thaw Cycles: Considering the Petrographic Characteristics and a New Approach Using Petro-Mechanical Parameter. Rock Mech. Rock Engg., v.54(3), pp.1–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-021-02458-3

    Google Scholar 

  • Middleton, A.P., Freestone, I.C. and Leese, M.N. (1985) Textural analysis of ceramic thin sections: evaluation of grain sampling procedures. Archaeometry, v.27, pp.64–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Misra, D.K. and Tewari, V.C. (1988) Tectonics and sedimentation of the rocks between Mandi and Rohtang, Beas valley, Himachal Pradesh. India. Geosci. Jour., v.9, pp.153–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Momeni, A., Khanlari, G.R., Heidari, M., Bagheri, R. and Bazvand, E. (2015) Assessment of physical weathering effects on granitic ancient monuments, Hamedan, Iran. Environ. Earth Sci., v.74(6), pp.5181–5190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mousavi, S.Z., Tavakoli, H., Moarefvand, P. and Rezaei, M. (2020) Microstructural, petro-graphical and mechanical studies of schist rocks under the freezing-thawing cycles. Cold Regions Science and Technology, v.174, 103039.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mutlutürk, M., Altindag, R. and Türk, G. (2004) A decay function model for the integrity loss of rock when subjected to recurrent cycles of freezing-thawing and heating-cooling. Internat. Jour. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., v.41, pp.237–244.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, D.T. and Nicholson, F.H. (2000) Physical deterioration of sedimentary rocks subjected to experimental freeze-thaw weathering. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: Jour. British Geomorphol. Res. Group, v.25, pp.1295–1307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, K., Kim, K., Lee, K. and Kim, D. (2020) Analysis of effects of rock physical properties changes from freeze-thaw weathering in Ny-Ålesund region: Part 1—Experimental study. Appl. Sci., v.10(5), p.1707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur, V.C. (1992) Geology of western Himalaya Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, v.19, pp.1–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Torabi-Kaveh, M., Heidari, M., Mohseni, H., Ménendez, B. (2019) Role of petrography in durability of limestone used in construction of Persepolis complex subjected to artificial accelerated ageing tests. Environ. Earth Sci., v.78, pp.1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma, A.K., Sardana, S., Singh, T.N. and Kumar, N. (2018) Rockfall analysis and optimized design of rockfall barrier along a strategic road near Solang Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian Geotech. Jour., v.48, pp.686–699.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, W., Yang, X., Huang, S., Yin, D., Liu, G. (2020) Experimental study on the shear behavior of the bonding interface between sandstone and cement mortar under freeze-thaw. Rock Mech. Rock Eng., v.53, pp.881–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb, A.A., Yin, A., Harrison, T.M., Célérier, J., Gehrels, G.E., Manning, C.E. and Grove, M. (2011) Cenozoic tectonic history of the Himachal Himalaya (northwestern India) and its constraints on the formation mechanism of the Himalayan orogeny. Geosphere, v.7, pp.1013–1061.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yavuz, H., Altindag, R., Sarac, S., Ugur, I. and Sengun, N. (2006) Estimating the index properties of deteriorated carbonate rocks due to freeze-thaw and thermal shock weathering. Internat. Jour. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., v.43, pp.767–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yavuz, H. (2011) Effect of freeze-thaw and thermal shock weathering on the physical and mechanical properties of an andesite stone. Bull. Engg. Geol. Environ., v.70, pp.187–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, A. (2006) Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Himalayan orogen as constrained by along strikevariation of structural geometry, exhumation history, and foreland sedimentation. Earth Sci. Rev., v.76, pp.1–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. K. Verma.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Verma, A.K., Sardana, S. & Jaiswal, A. Study of Freeze-thaw Induced Damage Characteristic for Himalayan Schist. J Geol Soc India 99, 390–396 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-023-2322-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-023-2322-0

Navigation