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Assessment of Metal Pollution of Overburden in a Tropical Coalfield, Ib valley, India: A Case Study

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

Mining of Coal is one of the chief sources of power generation globally to meet the energy demand. However, the mining operations and power production leads to the generation of overburdens and fly ash in huge quantities. These became severe threat to the environment during backfilling via leaching of contaminants and forming acid mine drainages. To understand the chemical characteristics of overburden, seven locations from the Ib valley coalfield were sampled. Also, a fly ash sample was collected from NTPC, Kaniha, Odisha. Subsequently, laboratory-based experiments were conducted under controlled condition to estimate the leachate characteristics of the overburden and overburden-fly ash (30%) composite samples through various leaching agents viz., distilled water, rain water and 0.1N acetic acid. Overburden samples were found to be slightly acidic in nature, whereas fly ash was almost neutral. The mean concentration of the metals in the OBs showed a decreasing trend of Fe>Al>K>Mg>Ca>Na>Mn>Cr>Cu> Zn> Co>Ni>Cd>Pb. The leachability potential is found to be high with acetic acid followed by rainwater and distilled water. The estimated possible total metal leachate from the 0.1% (0.1219 Million tonnes) of total overburden generated during 2017–18 in Mahanadi coalfields (MCL) was found to be 0.00023%. The results from the metal indices i.e. contamination factor showed that the overburdens are critically contaminated with Se followed by Cd, As and Cu, as their associated shale have quite low values. Also the potential ecological risk (PER) for the overburdens is low if Se, Cd, and Cu are excluded.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Director, NIT Rourkela for providing the facilities to carry out the research. The authors also, thankful to the MCL officials for the support during field visits and sampling in the Ib Valley.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Central Pollution Control Board, Eastern Regional Directorate, MoEF&CC, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Kolkata, 700 107, India

    Bishnu Prasad Sahoo, Vishnu Vardhan Kanuri & Mrinal Kanti Biswas

  2. Department of Mining Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769 008, India

    Bishnu Prasad Sahoo & Himanshu Bhushan Sahu

  3. Central Pollution Control Board, MoEF&CC, National Ganga River Basin Authority, Delhi, 110 032, India

    Ajit Kumar Vidyarthi

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  1. Bishnu Prasad Sahoo
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  2. Himanshu Bhushan Sahu
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  3. Vishnu Vardhan Kanuri
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  4. Mrinal Kanti Biswas
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  5. Ajit Kumar Vidyarthi
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Correspondence to Vishnu Vardhan Kanuri.

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Sahoo, B.P., Sahu, H.B., Kanuri, V.V. et al. Assessment of Metal Pollution of Overburden in a Tropical Coalfield, Ib valley, India: A Case Study. J Geol Soc India 99, 37–46 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-023-2264-6

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