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Factors Controlling the Distribution of Agglutinated Foraminiferal Morphogroups as Palaeoenvironmental Tracers in the Kharga Oasis, Egypt

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

The present authors used the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy methodology as a standard approach for micropaleontological studies to detect test internal morphological and compositional features of agglutinated foraminifera grains collected from Maastrichtian-Paleogene of the Dakhla Oasis of Egypt.

Five main morphogroups dominate Lower Kharga Member, the mixture of infaunal and epifaunal morphogroups indicating mesotrophic conditions during that time. All evolving new species found in the Early Paleocene are small and species richness remains low with small simple test morphologies resembling the under zone CF3 with a new appearance of morphogroup epifaunal flattened planispiral.

Zone CF3 of Lower Kharga Member is characterized by the appearances of small-sized Trochammina which are associated with stressful environmental conditions. Zone P1c of the Upper Kharga Member is characterized by high percentages of calcareous agglutinated foraminifera and abundance of granular calcite and hyaline tests, which explained a sufficient quantity of calcium carbonate dissolved in the water and warm water basin. The strong decrease in diversity and heterogeneity of the assemblages, as well as the drastic drop in the number of infaunal elongated morphogroup coincident with the hiatus between CF3 and P1c (Maastrichtian/Danian boundary), indicate a dramatic decrease in the food supply to the sea-bottom floor.

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Acknowledgments

We greatly appreciate the organizations that funded this research. The authors are grateful to Prof Dr. Jere H. Lipps for useful discussion and revised the version of the manuscript. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt

    Orabi H. Orabi

  2. Department of Geology, Bangalore University, 560056, Bangalore, India

    N. Malarkodi

  3. Faculty of Science, Geology Department, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt

    E. Zahran

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  1. Orabi H. Orabi
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Orabi, O.H., Malarkodi, N. & Zahran, E. Factors Controlling the Distribution of Agglutinated Foraminiferal Morphogroups as Palaeoenvironmental Tracers in the Kharga Oasis, Egypt. J Geol Soc India 98, 363–378 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-1988-z

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