Abstract
Provenance of the late Paleocene sandstone of the Jaisalmer basin has been determined by petrographic and heavy minerals analysis supported by paleocurrent study. Petrography of the quartzose-arenite sandstone reveals an abundance of sub-angular to sub-rounded monocrystalline non-undulatory quartz and some amount of feldspar and rock fragments. The rock fragments are dominated by argillites (slate, phyllite) and limestone. The heavy minerals suite of these sandstones comprises of angular to sub-angular grains of magnetite, zircon, tourmaline, kyanite and staurolite. The paleocurrent analysis indicates bipolar paleocurrent pattern with the dominance of NW flow suggesting that the provenance was in the SE direction of the depositional basin. Q-F-L and Qm-F-Lt diagrams suggest for a provenance at the margin of the craton interior and transitional continental. It is envisaged that the basic igneous rocks of the Deccan basalt, low- to medium-grade metamorphic rocks of the Aravalli belt and Jurassic limestones present in the vicinity are the source rocks for the late Paleocene sandstones of the Jaisalmer basin.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Basu, A. (1976) Petrology of fluvial sand derived from plutonic source rocks: implications to palaeoclimatic interpretation. Jour. Sediment. Petrol., v.46, pp.694–709.
Basu, A. (2003) A prospective on quantitative provenance analysis. In: R. valloni and A. Basu (Eds.), Quantitative provenance studies in Italy, Mem. Deserit. della carta Geol. dell Itallia, v.61, pp.11–22.
Blatt, H., Middleton, G.V. and Murray, R.C. (1980) Origin of Sedimentary Rocks, Prentice Hall, 782p.
Dalrymple, R.W., Zaitlin, B.A. and Boyd, R. (1992) Estuarine facies models: Conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications. Jour. Sediment. Petrol., v.62, pp.1130–1146.
Dasgupta, S.K. (1975) Revision of the Mesozoic-Tertiary stratigraphy of the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan. Indian Jour. Earth Sci., v.2(1), pp.77–94.
Dickinson, W.R. (1970) Interpreting detrital modes of greywackes and arkoses. Jour. Sediment. Petrol., v.40, pp.659–707.
Dickinson, W.R. and Suczek, C.A. (1979) Plate tectonics and sandstone composition. Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., v.63, pp.2164–2182.
Dickinson, W.R., Beard, L.S., Brakenridge, G.R., Erjavek, J.L., Ferguson, R.C., Inman, K.F., Knepp, R.A., Lindberg, F.A. and Ryberg, P.T. (1983). Provenance of North American Phanerozoic sandstones in relation to tectonic setting. Geol. Soc. America Bull., v.94, pp.222–235.
Garzanti, E. and Vezzoli, G. (2003) A classification of metamorphic grains in sandstones based on their composition and grade. Jour. Sediment. Res., v.73, pp.830–837.
Ingersoll, R.V. and Suczek, C.A. (1979) Petrology and Provenance of Neogene sands from Nicobar and Bengal fans, DSDP sites 211 and 218. Jour. Sediment. Petrol., v.49, pp.1217–1228.
Jalal, P. and Ghosh, S. K. (2012) Provenance of the Late Neogene Siwalik sandstone, Kumaun Himalayan Foreland Basin: Constraints from the metamorphic rank and index of detrital rock fragments. Jour. Earth System Sci., v.121, pp.781–792.
Kumar Kishor, Rana, R.S. and Singh, H. (2007) Fishes of the Khuiala Formation (Early Eocene) of the Jaisalmer Basin, western Rajasthan, India. Curr. Sci., v.93(4), pp.553–559.
Mohanty and Naha (1986) Stratigraphic relations of the Precambrian Rocks in the Salumbar area, southeastern Rajasthan. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.27, pp.479–493.
Okada, H. (1971) Classification of sandstones: Analysis and Proposal, Jour. Geol., v.79, pp.509–525.
Oldham, R.D. (1886) Preliminary note on the geology of northern Jaisalmer. Geol. Surv. India, Rec., v.19,pt.3, pp.157–160.
Pandey, D.K. and Bhadu, B. (2010) Outcrop based study to infer depositional environments and sequence stratigraphic framework of Paleogene sediments of Jaisalmer Basin, NW India. ONGC Bull., v.45, No.2, pp.39–46.
Pettijohn, F.J. (1984) Sedimentary Rocks, 3rd ed. CBS Publishers, 628p.
Pettijohn, F.J., Potter, P.E. and Siever, R. (1987) Sand and Sandstone, 2nd ed. Springer, New York, 553p.
Rahman, H. (1963) Geology of Petroleum in Pakistan; Proceedings of 6th W.P.C., Section I 659–683.
Rao, V.R. (1972) Subsurface Stratigraphy, Tectonic setting and Petroleum prospects of the Jaisalmer area, Rajasthan, India. Proceedings of the IV Symposium of Development in Petroleum Resources of Asia and Far Canberra, Australia, Series 41, v.1, pp.366–371.
Roy, A.B. and Jakhar, S.R. (2002) Geology of Rajasthan (Northwest India) Precambrian to Recent, Scientific Publishers(India), Jodhpur, 421p.
Selley, R.C. (1980) Ancient Sedimentary Environments. 2nd ed. Publisher, Cornell University Press, 287p.
Sharma, R.S. (2009) Cratons and Fold Belts of India. Springer, Heidelberg, 304p.
Sigal, J., Singh, N.P. and Lys, M. (1971) The Paleocene — Lower Eocene boundary in the Jaisalmer area India. Jour. Foraminiferal Res., v.1(4), pp.190–194.
Singh, B.P. (1996) Murree sedimentation in the northwestern Himalaya. Geol. Surv. India Spec. Publ. v.21, pp.157–164.
Singh, B.P. (2013) Evolution of the Paleogene succession of the western Himalayan foreland basin. Geosci. Front., v.4, pp.199–212.
Singh, B.P., Andotra, D.S. and Kumar, R. (2000). Provenance of the lower Tertiary mudrocks in the Jammu Sub-Himalayan Zone, Jammu and Kashmir State (India), NW Himalaya and its tectonic implications. Jour. Geosci. v.4(1), pp.1–9.
Singh, B.P., Pawar, J.S. and Karlupia, S.K. (2004) Dense mineral data from the northwestern Himalayan foreland sedimentary rocks and recent river sediments: evaluation of the hinterland. Jour. Asian Earth Sci., v.23, pp.25–35.
Singh, N.P. (1976) Micropaleontological control in subsurface Tertiary sequence of Jaisalmer basin, West Rajasthan, India, IV Indian Colloquium Micropalaeology Stratigraphy, pp.259–278.
Singh, N.P. (1984) Addition to the tertiary biostratigraphy of Jaisalmer basin. Jour. Petrol. Asia, v.II(1), pp.106–128.
Singh, N.P. (2006) Mesozoic Lithostratigraphy of the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan. Jour. Palaeont. Soc. India., v.51(2), pp.1–25.
Singh, N.P. (2007) Cenozoic Lithostratigraphy of the Jaisalmer Basin, Rajasthan. Jour. Palaeont. Soc. India; v.52(2), pp.129–154.
Srivastava, S.K. and Pandey, N. (2011) Search for Provenance of Oligocene Barail Sandstone in and around Jotsoma, Kohima, Nagaland. Jour.Geol. Soc. India, v.77, pp.433–442.
van De Kamp, P.C. and Leake, B.E. (1995) Petrology and geochemistry of siliciclastic rocks of mixed feldspathic and ophiolitic provenance in the Northern Apennines, Italy. Chem. Geol., v.122, pp.1–20.
Weltje, G.J. and Eynatten, H.V. (2004) Quantitative provenance analysis of sediments; review and outlook. Sediment. Geol., v.171, pp.1–11.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Patra, A., Singh, B.P. & Srivastava, V.K. Provenance of the late Paleocene sandstones of the Jaisalmer Basin, Western India. J Geol Soc India 83, 657–664 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-014-0096-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-014-0096-0