Abstract
Average kriging variance is a standard tool used in optimization of the location of additional drill holes. However, this tool cannot distinguish between areas with different priorities. This limitation could be eliminated by using weighted average kriging variance. This paper extends the problem of optimal location to three dimensional cases, use grade as a weight and search optimum locations by simulated annealing. Weighted average kriging variance is used as objective function. The method is applied to a copper deposit. Results have shown that weighting of the estimation variance with “grade” is effective only when the difference among the grades estimated for different blocks is considerable.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aarts, E. and Korst, J. (1989) Simulated Annealing and Boltzmann Machines. Wiley, New York, NY.
Bogaert, P. and Russo, D. (1999) Optimal sampling design for the estimation of the variogram based on a least squares approach. Water Resour. Res., v.35(4), pp.1275–1289.
Burger, H. and Birkenhake, F. (1994) Geostatistics and the polygonal method: a re-examination. In: International Association for Mathematical Geology (IAMG 95) Annual Conference, pp.50–55.
Chou, D. and Schenk, D.E. (1983) Optimum Locations for Exploratory Drill Holes. Int. Jour. Min. Engg., v.1, pp.343–355.
Cressie, N. (1991) Statistics for Spatial Data. Wiley, New York, USA.
Deutsch, C.V. (1993) Kriging in a finite domain. Math. Geol., v.25, pp.41–52.
Gershon, M., Allen, L.E. and Manley, F. (1998) Application of a new approach for drillholes location optimization. Int. Jour. Min. Reclamat. Environ., v.2, pp.27–31.
Ghaderi, M., Hezarkhani, A. and Talebi, M. (2007) The use of litho-geochemical data and fluid inclusions in the study of Iju porphyry copper deposit, Northwest of Shahr-e-Babak. AmirKabir Jour., v.67, pp.135–150.
Hassanipak, A.A. and Sharafodin, M. (2003) GET: a function for preferential site selection of additional borehole drilling. Explor. Min. Geol., v.13, pp.1–8.
Journel, A.G. and Huijbregts, C.H. (1978) Mining Geostatistics, Academic Press London.
Kalai, A.T. and Vempala, S. (2006) Simulated annealing for convex optimization. Math. Oper. Res., v.31, pp.253–266.
Lark, R.M. (2002) Optimized spatial sampling of soil for estimation of the variogram by maximum likelihood. Geoderma, v.105, pp.49–80.
Muller, W.G. and Zimmerman, D.L. (1999) Optimal designs for variogram estimation. Environmetrics, v.10(1), pp.23–37.
Rogerson, P.A., Delmelle, E.M., Batta, R., Akella, M.R., Blatt, A. and Wilson, G. (2004) Optimal sampling design for variables with varying spatial importance. Geogr. Anal., v.36, pp.177–194.
Soltani, S. and Hezarkhani, A. (___) Determination of realistic and statistical value of the information gathered from exploratory drilling, Natural Resource Research, v.4, no.4, pp.207–211
Szidarovszky, F. (1983)Multiobjective observation network design for regionalized variables. Int. Jour. Min. Engg., v.1, pp.331–342.
van Groenigen, J.W., Pieters, G. and Stein, A. (2000) Optimizing spatial sampling for multivariate contamination in urban areas. Environmetrics, v.11, pp.227–244.
van Groenigen J.W., Siderius W. and Stein, A. (1999) Constrained optimisation of soil sampling for minimisation of the kriging variance. Geoderma, v.87, pp.239–259.
Walton, D.R. and Kauffman, P.W. (1982) Some practical considerations in applying geostatistics to coal reserve estimation. In: SME-AIME, Dallas.
Zhao, T., Debba, P. and Stein, A. (2008) Geochemical sampling scheme optimization on mine wastes based on hyperspectral data. In: The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XXXVII, pp.1529–1532.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mohammadi, S.S., Hezarkhani, A. & Erhan Tercan, A. Optimally locating additional drill holes in three dimensions using grade and simulated annealing. J Geol Soc India 80, 700–706 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-012-0195-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-012-0195-8