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Four-leaf clover-like bicuspid aortic valve visualized by two-dimensional thoracic and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography

  • Case image in cardiovascular ultrasound
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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiological Laboratory, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, Maebashi, Japan

    Kiyoko Yoshizumi, Hiroki Okaniwa, Tomomi Araseki, Mihoka Iwazaki, Yasuyuki Kobayashi & Hiroyuki Toide

  2. Department of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center, 3-12 Kameizumi, Maebashi, 371-0004, Japan

    Eiji Yamashita

Authors
  1. Kiyoko Yoshizumi
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  2. Eiji Yamashita
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  3. Hiroki Okaniwa
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  4. Tomomi Araseki
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  5. Mihoka Iwazaki
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  6. Yasuyuki Kobayashi
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  7. Hiroyuki Toide
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eiji Yamashita.

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Conflict of interest

Kiyoko Yoshizumi, Eiji Yamashita, Hiroki Okaniwa, Tomomi Araseki, Mihoka Iwazaki, Yasuyuki Kobayashi, and Hiroyuki Toide declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human rights statements and informed consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later revisions. Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Movie 1 Parasternal short-axis view of aortic valve by 2DTTE (AVI 5510 kb)

Movie 2 A clopped enface view of the aortic valve by 3DTEE (AVI 8049 kb)

Movie 3 Sequential axial plane of CT from ascending aorta to left ventricular outflow tract (PPTX 7665 kb)

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Yoshizumi, K., Yamashita, E., Okaniwa, H. et al. Four-leaf clover-like bicuspid aortic valve visualized by two-dimensional thoracic and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. J Echocardiogr 16, 98–100 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12574-017-0361-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12574-017-0361-5

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