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Topology optimization of the hip bone for a few activities of daily living

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Abstract

Hip bone is a robust and complex skeletal structure in the human body and it bears loads while doing the daily activities such as walking, running, etc., by connecting the leg with the torso. The geometry of the hip bone facilitates upright gait in humans and hence its evolution might have been influenced by the mechanical forces acting on it. Previous research works on hip bone mainly concentrated upon its analysis using methods like finite elements. However, no work is reported on the geometric optimization of the hip bone, i.e., how optimal is the geometry of the hip bone under mechanical loads of activities of daily living (ADL). Hence, in this work we explore the optimal geometry of the hip bone during two ADLs, walking, and sit-to-stand. This is posed as the topology optimization problem of compliance minimization of the hip bone under mechanical loads of walking and sit-to-stand. With a view to applications in prosthesis and hemiarthroplasty, we impose equality in volume constraint as the natural hip bone, and guide the optimal designs to generate the hole (obturator foramen in the natural hip bone) in the optimal designs. This is done by using a designer guided approach that consists of a two-step optimization procedure: first selecting results from topology optimization for a particular activity that give high shape similarity with natural hip bone, and then using it as input to topology optimization with loads from the other activity, for example, applying sit-to-stand loads on optimal design from walking. We demonstrate that this designer guided approach leads to exploration of the design space with a reduced set of inputs and increase in shape similarity of the final design with the natural hip bone.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Prof. C. Sujatha, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Madras, for providing us the geometric model of the hip bone. We also thank Dr. Elena Caruthers, Department of Engineering, Otterbein University, for providing us OpenSim model of sit-to-stand.

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  1. Machine Design Section, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India

    Kandula Eswara Sai Kumar & Sourav Rakshit

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  1. Kandula Eswara Sai Kumar
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  2. Sourav Rakshit
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Correspondence to Sourav Rakshit.

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Kumar, K.E.S., Rakshit, S. Topology optimization of the hip bone for a few activities of daily living. Int J Adv Eng Sci Appl Math 12, 193–210 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12572-020-00285-3

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