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Remote-sensing satellite ground station evaluation using QPSK emulator with test pattern and PRBS generation

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Abstract

In order to validate the performance of X-band (8000–8400 MHz) remote-sensing satellite receive chain, when the satellite is not in the vicinity of ground station, local loop end–end evaluation tests are mandatory to certify the RF downlink and base band receive chain performance. A customised test patterns compatible to IRS satellite series and PRBS sequence are generated, which are modulated using QPSK emulator to check and verify the satellite downlink chain performance. The design and implementation are done using novel digital techniques, and QPSK modulator is integrated with Test pattern and PRBS generator using state-of-art FPGAs. The QPSK emulator output is connected to high-speed fibre optic link which transfers the signal to near field bore-site antenna system. The test signal is thus up converted from 2557.5 MHz (S-band) frequency to required satellite carrier frequency of 8212.5 MHz; the emulated test signal is radiated from bore-site antenna, which simulates real-time satellite data transmission from space. Thus, the signal received by the parabolic dish antenna is down converted to 720 MHz, demodulated, bit synchronized, clock recovered, and frame synchronized. The evaluation of frame sync errors is done for good video data quality check. Also in the QPSK emulator, there is option of PRBS mode. Hence, using this option, the RF downlink and receive chain are evaluated for good Bit error rate (BER). The BER requirement is 1 error (tolerable) in 106 Million bits. The QPSK emulator has the provision to support different frequencies and data rates corresponding to all IRS satellite missions.

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Abbreviations

PRBS:

Pseudo-random binary sequence

QPSK:

Quadrature phase shift keying

TPG:

Test pattern generation

RF:

Radio frequency

IRS:

Indian remote-sensing satellite

BER:

Bit error rate

FS:

Frame synchronizer

LCD:

Liquid crystal diode

FF:

Flip-flop

MUX:

Multiplexer

PCB:

Printed circuit board

PN:

Pseudo noise

FPGA:

Field programmable gate array

NRZ-L:

Non-return to zero level

CCITT:

Consultative committee for international telephony and telegraphy

CCSDS:

Consultative committee for space data systems

XOR:

Exclusive-OR gate

SLI:

Serial input

CE:

Clock enable

L:

Load

CLR:

Clear state

FC/APC:

Fibre connector/angle polished connector

FO:

Fibre optic

IF:

Intermediate frequency

LIU:

Light interface unit

IRS:

Indian remote sensing

TCP/IP:

Transmission control protocol/internet protocol

RRC:

Root raised cosine

TD:

Transition detector

AFEH:

Advanced front-end hardware

CLK:

Clock

LNA:

Low-noise amplifier

TS:

Tracking system

NCO:

Numerically controlled oscillator

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Space Research Organization, National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad, India

    R. Srinivas, G. Umadevi, C. S. Padmavathi & Radha Nayani

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, India

    L. Nithyanandan

Authors
  1. R. Srinivas
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  2. L. Nithyanandan
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  3. G. Umadevi
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  4. C. S. Padmavathi
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  5. Radha Nayani
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Correspondence to R. Srinivas.

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Srinivas, R., Nithyanandan, L., Umadevi, G. et al. Remote-sensing satellite ground station evaluation using QPSK emulator with test pattern and PRBS generation. CEAS Space J 7, 399–417 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12567-015-0094-0

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