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Architecture of connective tissue regenerated by enamel matrix derivative around hydroxyapatite implanted into tooth extraction sockets in the rat maxilla

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Abstract

We investigated the architecture of periodontal ligament regenerated by an enamel matrix derivative (EMD, Emdogain®) coating on the surface of hydroxyapatite (EMD-HA). Immediately after extraction of the maxillary first molar in rats, HA alone or EMD-HA was implanted into the socket. At 5 days, and 2 and 4 weeks after implantation, the specimens were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry for periostin and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13. Histological observations revealed a large number of fibroblasts and well-developed blood capillaries in the fibrous connective tissue surrounding EMD-HA at 5 days. Ultrastructural analysis showed a distinct difference in the architecture of the fibrous connective tissue. As compared with the poorly constructed architecture of HA, EMD-HA had an orderly alignment of fibroblasts and bundled collagen fibers, with some fibroblasts in the cytoplasm showing collagen fiber phagocytosis. Periostin immunoreactivity was observed in the fibrous connective tissue around EMD-HA at each time point, but was not seen in HA at 5 days and 2 weeks. MMP-13 immunoreactivity was intensely localized in fibroblasts at 5 days and 2 weeks in EMD-HA. The present results indicate that EMD may greatly contribute to a well-developed architecture accompanied by orderly alignment of fibroblasts and bundled collagen fibers, through accelerated induction of periostin, maintenance of fibrillogenesis, and degradation of collagen fibers by extracellular proteinase and phagocytosis.

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Acknowledgements

We express our appreciation to Dr. H. Inoue, Shiga University of Medical Science, for the kind gift of anti-periostin antibody.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Anatomy, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan

    Toru Shibui, Toshihiko Yajima & Yasunori Sakakura

  2. Division of Histology, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan

    Kazuharu Irie

  3. Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan

    Morio Ochi

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  1. Toru Shibui
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  2. Toshihiko Yajima
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  3. Kazuharu Irie
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  4. Morio Ochi
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  5. Yasunori Sakakura
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Correspondence to Yasunori Sakakura.

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Shibui, T., Yajima, T., Irie, K. et al. Architecture of connective tissue regenerated by enamel matrix derivative around hydroxyapatite implanted into tooth extraction sockets in the rat maxilla. Anat Sci Int 95, 334–341 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-020-00526-2

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