Abstract
The β′-component, a major allergen found in fish roe, is synthesized in the liver of female fish as part of the precursor of the egg yolk protein vitellogenin (Vg). Vg is distributed through the bloodstream and contributes to ovary development. In the present study, β′-component, present in Vg fragments, was detected in the muscles and internal organs of mature female salmon, with concentrations exceeding the recommended labeling level under Japan's food allergy labeling system. Additionally, total protein extracted from tissues of female salmon reacted with immunoglobulin E antibody against the salmon roe β′-component. No β′-component was detected in the tissues of mature male fish in the absence of sex hormone stimulation from females nor in immature salmon without sexual differentiation, but excess stimulation of the female sex hormone induced Vg synthesis containing the β′-component in the male fish. These findings suggest that taking into account fish sex, maturity, and sexual isolation of mature male fish could improve the safety of salmon meat for individuals with salmon roe allergy.
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Data availability
The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, HS, upon reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- anti-β antibody:
-
Rabbit immunoglobulin G antibody against β′-component
- β′-c:
-
β′-component
- CAP-RAST:
-
Capsulated hydrophilic carrier polymer-radioallergosorbent test
- ELISA:
-
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- IgE:
-
Immunoglobulin E antibody
- TBS:
-
20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.5) containing 150 mM NaCl
- TBS-T:
-
TBS containing 0.05% Tween 20
- TPE:
-
Total protein extract from salmon muscle and internal organs including blood
- Vg:
-
Vitellogenin
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Oshima Salmon Breeding Association (Oshima Sake-masu Zoushoku Jigyo-kyokai) and the Hokkaido Salmon Propagation Association (Hokkaido Sake-Masu Zoushoku Jigyo-kyokai) for supplying mature salmon. We are grateful to Ms. Tomono Hikasa, Mr. Rei Tagawa, and Ms. Lingjia Shi for assistance with sample preparation and sample analysis. We thank to Dr. Kazuhiko Watanabe (Watanabe Kazuhiko Pediatric Clinic, Sapporo, Japan) for providing access to the sera of patients with salmon roe allergy.
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Shimizu, Y., Joe, Gh. & Saeki, H. Safety evaluation of salmon muscle consumption in patients with salmon roe allergy. Fish Sci 90, 519–528 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-024-01767-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-024-01767-0