Abstract
Organotin compounds (OTCs) have contaminated marine environments and are known to induce imposex in many marine female snails. To evaluate the bioaccumulation of environmental OTCs in rock shell Thais clavigera we translocated some from a non-polluted area to a polluted area in Kagoshima Bay, Japan, and held them with prey (P) or without prey (NP). After 13 weeks’ exposure, the proportion of animals exhibiting imposex and their relative penis length (RPL) index in the P group were 71 and 15.1 %, respectively. Due to high mortality, keeping of the NP group was terminated after 8 weeks; the proportion of them exhibiting imposex was 0 %. While the tributyltin (TBT) concentration was 1.6 ng/g (wet weight; w.w.) at the beginning of the study and increased to 178 ng/g w.w. by week 8 in the NP group, it increased by 483 and 424 ng/g w.w. by weeks 6 and 13 in the P group, and almost reached a steady state in the P group until week 6. Furthermore, the accumulation of TBT was higher in the P group than in the NP group, suggesting that the potential for imposex induction in rock shells in the sites of Kagoshima Bay is still high due to higher OTC concentrations in their prey organisms.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Kagoshima University for financial support for this study. We also thank Prof. Miguel Vazquez Archdale (Kagoshima University) for his improvements to and comments on this manuscript.
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Koyama, J., Nigaya, S., Takenouchi, A. et al. Bioaccumulation of environmental organotin compounds in translocated rock shell Thais clavigera in Kagoshima Bay. Fish Sci 82, 975–982 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-1031-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-1031-7