Skip to main content
Log in

Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for Optimal 2-gain Performance of Interconnected Large-scale Cyber Physical Systems Under FDIAs Environments

  • Regular Papers
  • Control Theory and Applications
  • Published:
International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aiming at a class of large-scale cyber physical systems (LSCPSs) with multiple subsystems nonlinearly interconnected under false data injection attacks (FDIAs), the problems of 2-gain performance analysis and sliding mode control are studied. First, the quadratical stability criteria with 2-gain performance of the sliding dynamics of LSCPSs are derived by linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technology. Then adaptive integral sliding mode controllers are designed, which include two parts: one part is designed for suppressing the influences of FDIAs on the systems, and the other part is used to deal with factors such as quantization errors, external interferences, nonlinear interconnections, and model uncertainties. Finally, the comparison results of simulation examples show the effectiveness and superiority of the established methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability Statement

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

References

  1. A. Y. Lu and G. H. Yang, “Secure switched observers for cyber-physical systems under sparse sensor attacks: A set cover approach,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 64, no. 9, pp. 3949–3955, January 2019.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. A. Y. Lu and G. H. Yang, “Resilient observer-based control for cyber-physical systems with multiple transmission channels under denial-of-service,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 50, no. 11, pp. 4796–4807, May 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. R. Vahid and S. Margareta, “Event-triggered cooperative stabilization of multiagent systems with partially unknown interconnected dynamics,” Automatica, vol. 130, 109657, August 2021.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. F. Sasso, A. Coluccia, and G. Notarstefano, “Interaction-based distributed learning in cyber-physical and social networks,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 223–236, January 2020.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Y. Joo, Z. H. Qu, and T. Namerikawa, “Resilient control of cyber-physical system using nonlinear encoding signal against system integrity attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 4334–4341, September 2021.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  6. F. Farivar, M. S. Haghighi, A. Jolfaei, and M. Alazab, “Artificial intelligence for detection, estimation, and compensation of malicious attacks in nonlinear cyber-physical systems and industrial IoT,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 2716–2725, April 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Z. Gu, J. H. Park, D. Yue, Z.-G. Wu, and X. Xie, “Event-triggered security output feedback control for networked interconnected systems subject to cyber-attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 6197–6206, October 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. F. D. Ge, Y. Q. Chen, and C. H. Kou, “Cyber-physical systems as general distributed parameter systems: three types of fractional order models and emerging research opportunities,” IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 353–357, October 2015.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. C. Alippi, S. Ntalampiras, and M. Roveri, “Model-free fault detection and isolation in large-scale cyber-physical systems,” IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 61–71, February 2017.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. S. C. Chan, H. C. Wu, C. H. Ho, and L. Zhang, “An augmented Lagrangian approach for distributed robust estimation in large-scale systems,” IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 2986–2997, September 2019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Monica, S. Thompson, and P. Thinagaran, “Time dependent network resource optimization in cyber-physical systems using game theory,” Computer Communications, vol. 176, pp. 1–12, May 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. R. Monica, S. Thompson, and P. Thinagaran, “Design of decentralized adaptive control approach for large-scale nonlinear systems subjected to input delays under prescribed performance,” Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 106, pp. 565–582, September 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. D. Ye and T. Y. Zhang, “Summation detector for false data-injection attack in cyber-physical systems,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 50, no. 6 pp. 2338–2345, June 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. F. Zhang, H. A. D. E. Kodituwakku, J. W. Hines, and J. Coble, “Multilayer data-driven cyber-attack detection system for industrial control systems based on network, system, and process data,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 15, no. 7 pp. 4362–4369, July 2019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Y. Yuan, F. Sun, and Q. Zhu, “Resilient control in the presence of DoS attack: Switched system approach,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1423–1435, December 2015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. L. Guo, H. Yu, and F. Hao, “Optimal allocation of false data injection attacks for networked control systems with two communication channels,” IEEE Transactions on Conttol of Network Systems, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 2–14, March 2021.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Y. Liu and G. H. Yang, “Resilient event-triggered distributed state estimation for nonlinear systems against DoS attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 9076–9089, September 2022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. X. Huang, D. Zhai, and J. Dong, “Adaptive integral sliding-mode control strategy of data-driven cyber-physical systems against a class of actuator attacks,” IET Control Theory and Applications, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1440–1447, July 2018.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Ma, P. Shi, and L. Wu, “Dissipativity-based sliding-mode control of cyber-physical systems under denial-of-service attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 51, no. 5, pp. 2306–2318, May 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Z. Cao, Y. Niu, and J. Song, “Finite-time sliding-mode control of Markovian jump cyber-physical systems against randomly occuring injection attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 1264–1271, March 2020.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. B. Chen and Y. Niu, “Sliding mode switched control for Markovian jumping systems subject to intermittent DoS attacks,” International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 1545–1560, Feburary 2022.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Y. W. Qi, X. J. Zhao, and J. Huang, “H filtering for switched systems subject to stochastic cyber attacks: A double adaptive storage event-triggering communication,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 394, 125789, April 2021.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. A. P. Pang, S. Y. Meng, Z. He, and J. Zhang, “Robust H-inf phase control for flexible system with weak damping,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 95733–195740, December 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. S. Liu, Y. G. Liu, S. B. Li, and B. Xu, “H control for time-varying cyber-physical system under randomly occurring hybrid attacks: The output feedback case,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 60780–60789, May 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. J. Liu, Y. Wang, J. Cao, D. Yue, and X. Xie, “Secure adaptive-event-triggered filter design with input constraint and hybrid cyber attack,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 51, no. 8 pp. 4000–4010, August 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. B. Xie, C. Peng, M. Yang, X. Kong, and T. Zhang, “A novel trust-based false data detection method for power systems under false data injection attacks,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 358, no. 1 pp. 56–73, January 2021.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Li, Y. Chen, Y. Zhang, and Y. Liu, “Adaptive sliding-mode tracking control of networked control systems with false data injection attacks,” Information Sciences, vol. 585, pp. 194–208, March 2022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. L. Dong, H. Xu, X. Wei, and X. Hu, “Security correction control of stochastic cyber-physical systems subject to false data injection attacks with heterogeneous effects,” ISA Transactions, vol. 123, pp. 1–13, May 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. T. Y. Zhang and D. Ye, “False data injection attacks with complete stealthiness in cyber–physical systems: A self-generated approach,” Automatica, vol. 120, pp. 109–117, October 2020.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. C. Z. Bai, F. Pasqualetti, and V. Gupta, “Data-injection attacks in stochastic control systems: Detectability and performance tradeoffs,” Automatica, vol. 82, pp. 251–260, August 2017.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Y. W. Qi, S. Yuan, and X. Wang, “Adaptive event-triggered control for networked switched T-S fuzzy systems subject to false data injection attacks,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 2580–2588, June 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. J. C. Ren, J. Sun, and J. Fu, “Finite-time event-triggered sliding mode control for one-sided Lipschitz nonlinear systems with uncertainties,” Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 103, pp. 865–882, January 2021.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. D. Tong, C. Xu, Q. Chen, W. Zhou, and Y. Xu, “Sliding mode control for nonlinear stochastic systems with Markovian jumping parameters and mode-dependent time-varying delays,” Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 100, pp. 1343–1358, April 2020.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  34. P. N. Dao and Y. C. Liu, “Adaptive reinforcement learning strategy with sliding mode control for unknown and disturbed wheeled inverted pendulum,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 1139–1150, December 2020.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. J. Chen and Q. Ling, “Bit-rate conditions for the consensus of quantized multiagent systems with network-induced delays based on event triggering,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 51, no. 2, pp. 984–993, Feburary 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. X. H. Chang, R. Huang, H. Wang, and L. Liu, “Robust design strategy of quantized feedback control,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 730–734, April 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  37. X. Cai, J. Wang, K. Shi, S. Zhong, and T. Jiang, “Quantized dissipative control based on T-S fuzzy model for wind generation systems,” Advances in Space Research, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 321–334, July 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  38. O. Jaramillo, B. Castillo-Toledo, and S. Di Gennaro, “Impulsive observer design for a class of nonlinear Lipschitz systems with time-varying uncertainties,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 357, no. 11, pp. 7423–7437, July 2020.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  39. K. Shi, J. Wang, Y. Tang, and S. Zhong, “Reliable asynchronous sampled-data filtering of T-S fuzzy uncertain delayed neural networks with stochastic switched topologies,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 381, no. 2020, pp. 1–25, February 2020.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Q. Zhong, J. Yang, K. Shi, S. Zhong, Z. Li, and M. A. Sotelo, “Event-triggered H load frequency control for multi-area nonlinear power systems based on non-fragile proportional integral control strategy,” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 12191–12201, August 2022.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. B. C. Zheng and G. H. Yang, “Decentralized sliding mode quantized feedback control for a class of uncertain large-scale systems with dead-zone input,” Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 71, pp. 417–427, February 2013.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. W. H. Chen, J. L. Chen, and W. X. Zheng, “Delay-dependent stability and hybrid L2 × L2-gain analysis of linear impulsive time-delay systems: A continuous timer-dependent Lyapunov-like functional approach,” Automatica, vol. 120, pp. 109–119, October 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. S. Z. Ran, Y. M. Xue, B. C. Zheng, and Z. Y. Wang, “Quantized feedback fuzzy sliding mode control design via memory-based strategy,” Applied Mathematics and Computation, vol. 298, pp. 283–295, April 2017.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  44. D. Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Liu, J. Yu, and Y. Shi, “Adaptive fault-tolerant control for continuous-time Markovian jump systems with signal quantization,” Journal of the Franklin Institute, vol. 355, no. 6, pp. 2987–3009, April 2018.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  45. J. Xu, W. M. Haddad, and T. Yucelen, “An adaptive control architecture for mitigating sensor and actuator attacks in cyber-physical systems,” IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 62, no. 11, pp. 6058–6064, November 2017.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  46. L. W. An and G. H. Yang, “Improved adaptive resilient control against sensor and actuator attacks,” Information Sciences, vol. 423, pp. 145–156, January 2018.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  47. T. Yu and J. L. Xiong, “Distributed L2-gain control of large-scale systems: A space construction approach,” ISA Transactions, vol. 116, pp. 58–70, October 2021.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. J. H. Wang, P. S. Zhu, and B. T. He, “An adaptive neural sliding mode control with ESO for uncertain nonlinear systems,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 687–697, September 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Y. Shtessel, C. Edwards, L. Fridman, and L. Levant, Sliding Mode Control and Observation, Springer, New York, NY, USA, 2014.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  50. C. Edwards and S. K. Spurgeon, Sliding Mode Control: Theory and Applications, Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, 1998.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  51. S. Ghrab, A. Benamor, and H. Messaoud, “A new robust discrete-time sliding mode control design for systems with time-varying delays on state and input and unknown unmatched parameter uncertainties,” Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 190, pp. 921–945, December 2021.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  52. Z. Ismail, R. Varatharajoo, and Y. C. Chak, “A fractional-order sliding mode control for nominal and underactuated satellite attitude controls,” Advances in Space Research, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 321–334, July 2020.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bo-Chao Zheng.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61973169,61973168), the Natural Science foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20201392), The 333 Project of Jiangsu Province (No. 2020067) and Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province (No. R2021Q04). We especially thank Dr. Guoying Miao for her knowledge and help in revising several questions of this paper.

Bo-Chao Zheng received his Ph.D. degree in control theory and control engineering from Northeastern University, Shenyang, China, in 2012. In 2014, he was a Visiting Research Fellow with Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Kyongsan, Korea, for two months. From 2016 to 2017, he was a Visiting Academic with the School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, for one year. He is currently a Professor with the School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. His current research interests include sliding mode control, quantized control, Markov jump systems, and fuzzy control systems.

Chen Lai received her bachelor’s degree in electronic information and engineering from Jiangxi Agricultural University, China, in 2020. Now, she is studying for a master’s degree in the School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. Her research interests include sliding mode control, cyber physical system, and securing control.

Tao Li received his Ph.D. degree from Southeast University, Nanjing, China. He is currently a Professor with the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing. He completed the Visiting Scholar fellowships with the University of Alberta, Canada, the University of Western Sydney, Australia, the University of Hong Kong and the City University of Hong Kong. He has authored or coauthored more than 70 papers in journals including Automatica, IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, and IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems. His current research interests include fault detection and fault-tolerant control for time-delay systems.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zheng, BC., Lai, C. & Li, T. Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for Optimal 2-gain Performance of Interconnected Large-scale Cyber Physical Systems Under FDIAs Environments. Int. J. Control Autom. Syst. 21, 2566–2576 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-022-0242-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-022-0242-1

Keywords

Navigation