Abstract
This paper investigates the event-based aperiodically intermittent synchronization of complex dynamical networks subject to actuator saturation. The event-triggered condition is essentially a switching between the aperiodic controlling and event trigger. In this way, aperiodically intermittent control is more reasonable and applicable than traditional periodically intermittent control. Based on the event-triggered mechanism, several sufficient conditions that ensure the exponential synchronization of the complex dynamical networks are formulated by employing the generalized sector condition, Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals, the properties of time-delay, and some linear matrix inequalities. Meanwhile, the optimization problem is presented so as to obtain a maximized estimate of the domain of attraction. Finally, two simulation examples are employed to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the criteria.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Dorogovtsev and J. Mendes, “Evolution of networks,” Advances in Physics, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 1079–1187, June 2002.
S. Strogatz, “Exploring complex networks,” Nature, vol. 410, pp. 268–276, May 2001.
D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz, “Collective dynamics of small-world networks,” Nature, vol. 393, pp. 440–442, June 1998.
M. Chavez, M. Valencia, V. Latora, and J. Martinerie, “Complex networks: New trends for the analysis of brain connectivity,” International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1677–1686, June 2010.
B. B. Su, H. Chang, Y. Z. Chen, and D. R. He, “A game theory model of urban public traffic networks,” Physica A-Statistical Mechanics and ITS Applications, vol. 379, no. 1, pp. 291–297, June 2007.
R. Sakthivel, M. Sathishkumar, B. Kaviarasan, and S. M. Anthoni, “Synchronization and state estimation for stochastic complex networks with uncertain inner coupling,” Neurocomputing, vol. 238, no. 17, pp. 44–55, January 2017.
A. Arenas, A. Daz-Guilera, J. Kurths, Y. Moreno, and C. Zhou, “Synchronization in complex networks,” Physics Reports, vol. 469, no. 3, pp. 93–153, December 2008.
W. Xing, P. Shi, H. Song, Y. Zhao, and L. Li, “Global pinning synchronization of stochastic delayed complex networks,” Information Sciences, vol. 490, pp. 113–125, July 2019.
Y. Lin and Y. Zhang, “Synchronization of stochastic impulsive discrete-time delayed networks via pinning control,” Neurocomputing, vol. 286, pp. 31–40, April 2018.
C. X. Shi, G. H. Yang, and X. J. Li, “Event-triggered output feedback synchronization control of complex dynamical networks,” Neurocomputing, vol. 275, pp. 29–39, January 2018.
C. Zhao, S. M. Zhong, X. J. Zhang, Q. S. Zhong, and K. B. Shi, “Novel results on nonfragile sampled-data exponential synchronization for delayed complex dynamical networks,” International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 4022–4042, July 2020.
L. Lu, M. Yu, and C. Li, “Projective synchronization of a class of complex network based on high-order sliding mode control,” Nonlinear Dynamics, vol. 73, no. 1–2, pp. 411–416, July 2013.
D. X. Peng and X. D. Li, “Leader-following synchronization of complex dynamic networks via event-triggered impulsive control,” Neurocomputing, vol. 412, pp. 1–10, October 2020.
F. D. Kong and J. P. Sun, “Pinning synchronization of complex dynamical networks on time scales,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 878–888, February 2020.
H. B. Gu, K. X. Liu, and J. H. Lu, “Adaptive PI control for synchronization of complex networks with stochastic JH coupling and nonlinear dynamics,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I-Regular Papers, vol. 67, no. 12, pp. 5268–5280, December 2020.
Z. Y. Zhang, G. L. Wei, S. Liu, and D. R. Ding, “PD-type l2-l∞ intermittent pinning synchronization control of discrete time-delay nonlinear dynamical networks,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 2027–2037, August 2020.
X. Y. Liu and T. P. Chen, “Synchronization of nonlinear coupled networks via aperiodically intermittent pinning control,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 26, pp. 113–126, January 2015.
P. F. Wang, B. G. Zhang, and H. Su, “Stabilization of stochastic uncertain complex-valued delayed networks via aperiodically intermittent nonlinear control,” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 49, pp. 649–662, March 2019.
S. M. Cai and M. Y. Hou, “Quasi-synchronization of fractional-order heterogeneous dynamical networks via aperiodic intermittent pinning control,” Chaos Solitons & Fractals, vol. 146, 110901, May 2021.
A. Seuret and J. M. G. Da Silva, “Taking into account period variations and actuator saturation in sampled-data systems,” Systems & Control Letters, vol. 61, no. 12, pp. 1286–1293, December 2012.
R. Sakthivel, R. Sakthivel, O. M. Kwon, and P. Selvaraj, “Synchronisation of stochastic T-S fuzzy multi-weighted complex dynamical networks with actuator fault and input saturation,” IET Control Theory and Applications, vol. 14, no. 14, pp. 1957–1967, September 2020.
G. L. Chen, J. W. Xia, J. H. Park, H. Shen, and G. M. Zhuang, “Robust sampled-data control for switched complex dynamical networks with actuators saturation,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 10909–10923, 2022.
H. Sang and J. Zhao, “Exponential synchronization and L2-gain analysis of delayed chaotic neural networks via intermittent control with actuator saturation,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 30, pp. 3722–3734, December 2019.
Y. G. Chen, Z. D. Wang, B. Shen, and H. L. Dong, “Exponential synchronization for delayed dynamical networks via intermittent control: Dealing with actuator saturations,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 30, pp. 1000–1012, April 2019.
Y. Guan, Y. Wu, H. Wu, Y. Li, and S. He, “Synchronization of complex dynamical networks with actuator saturation by using sampled-data control,” Circuits Systems & Signal Processing, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 5508–5527, December 2019.
Y. Xu and Z. G. Wu, “Distributed adaptive event-triggered fault-tolerant synchronization for multi-agent systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 1537–1547, February 2021.
Y. Xu, J. Sun, Z. G. Wu, and G. Wang, “Fully distributed adaptive event-triggered control of networked systems with actuator bias faults,” IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, vol. 52, no. 10. pp. 10773–10784, 2022.
Y. Xu, “Resilient secure control of networked systems over unreliable communication networks,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 4069–4077, 2022.
C. He and J. Li, “Event-based aperiodically intermittent pinning synchronization control strategy for linearly coupled complex networks,” Nonlinear Analysis Hybrid Systems, vol. 36, 100836, May 2020.
S. B. Ding, Z. S. Wang, and H. G. Zhang, “Event-triggered stabilization of neural networks with time-varying switching gains and input saturation,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 5045–5056, October 2018.
A. J. Wang, T. Dong, and X. F. Liao, “Event-triggered synchronization strategy for complex dynamical networks with the Markovian switching topologies,” Neural Networks, vol. 74, pp. 52–57, February 2016.
F. Barnes and S. Kandala, “Effects of time delays on biological feedback systems and electromagnetic field exposures,” Bioelectromagnetics, vol. 39, pp. 249–252, April 2018.
Y. X. Zhang, Q. Wang, C. Y. Dong, and Y. F. Jiang, “H∞ output tracking control for flight control systems with time-varying delay,” Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, vol. 26, pp. 1251–1258, October 2013.
V. Akimenko and R. Anguelov, “Steady states and outbreaks of two-phase nonlinear age-structured model of population dynamics with discrete time delay,” Journal of Biological Dynamics, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 75–101, October 2016.
H. L. Yang, L. Shu, S. M. Zhong, T. Zhan, and X. Wang, “Pinning synchronization of stochastic T-S fuzzy delayed complex dynamical networks with heterogeneous impulsive delays,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 2599–2608, October 2020.
X. N. Song, R. Z. Zhang, M. Wang, and J. W. Lu, “Nonfragile dissipative synchronization of reaction-diffusion complex dynamical networks with coupling delays,” International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 1252–1263, December 2020.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This work was jointly supported by Scientific Research Foundation for Introduced Talents, Fujian Province of China under Grant GY-Z21215 and GY-Z21216, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 12171124.
Bolei Dong received her M.S. degree from Harbin University of Science and Technology in 2021. Her research interests include synchronization of complex dynamical networks and nonlinear control.
Yujing Shi received her Ph.D. degree in control theory and control engineering from Northeastern University, China, in 2009. She has been an associate professor in the School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology (Fuzhou, China) since 2021. Her research interests include multi-agent systems, complex networks, and control theory.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dong, B., Shi, Y. Event-based Exponential Synchronization of Delayed Complex Dynamical Networks via Intermittent Control with Actuator Saturation. Int. J. Control Autom. Syst. 21, 775–787 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-021-0647-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12555-021-0647-2