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Stability of fumonisin B1 and its bioaccessibility in extruded corn-based products

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Abstract

Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins commonly associated with corn-based products and require innovative alternatives to control exposure to its toxicity. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of amylose and resistant starch on fumonisin B1 (FB1) levels in extruded corn-based products as well as the toxin bioaccessibility upon digestion. Cornmeal contaminated with FB1 (1.5 µg/g) was extruded alone or combined with high-amylose corn starch (20%, w/w). FB1 was quantified both in the unextruded and extruded products by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) fluorescence detector with pre-column derivatization. Samples were then subjected to an in vitro digestion model to evaluate the stability of the interaction between FB1 and the corn matrix extruded. The addition of high-amylose corn starch further reduced the detection of FB1 (74.9%), when compared with the effect of the extrusion alone (66.0%), confirming the binding of FB1 with the macromolecules or resistant starch. The bound fumonisin was stable upon simulated gastric digestion, and the duodenal bioaccessibility of free FB1 was lower than 35% when high-amylose corn starch ingredient was used in the product. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that high-amylose corn starch and resistant starch content influenced the reduction of FB1 and its duodenal bioaccessibility. This study for the first time shows that addition of high-amylose corn starch during extrusion is an innovative strategy to reduce FB1 release under digestive conditions, therefore useful in mitigating the exposure to this mycotoxin.

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Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001. This project is based on research that was partially supported by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station with funding from the Hatch Multistate Research capacity funding program “Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains, Oilseeds, Bioproducts and Coproduct; Accession Number 1017645” from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil

    Kelly Cristina Massarolo & Eliana Badiale-Furlong

  2. Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA

    José Rodrigo Mendoza, Tushar Verma & Andréia Bianchini

  3. Technology Center, State University of Maringá - UEM, Umuarama, PR, Brazil

    Larine Kupski

Authors
  1. Kelly Cristina Massarolo
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  2. José Rodrigo Mendoza
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  3. Tushar Verma
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  4. Larine Kupski
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  5. Eliana Badiale-Furlong
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  6. Andréia Bianchini
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Kelly Cristina Massarolo, José Rodrigo Mendoza, and Tushar Verma. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Kelly Cristina Massarolo and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Eliana Badiale-Furlong.

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Massarolo, K.C., Mendoza, J.R., Verma, T. et al. Stability of fumonisin B1 and its bioaccessibility in extruded corn-based products. Mycotoxin Res 37, 161–168 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-021-00426-y

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