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Middle Jurassic palaeoclimate changes within the central Ordos Basin based on palynological records

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Abstract

Detailed palynological analyses covering the interval of 897.0–430.0 m of well GX15 in the Wushenqi, central Ordos Basin, were performed with aims to gain knowledge on the vegetation and assess changes in palaeoclimate. In total, 149 species belonging to 64 genera have been identified from the Yan'an to lower Zhiluo Formations (897.0–629.0 m) and palynomorphs (spore and pollen) are absent in the upper Zhiluo Formation (above 629.0 m). Based on the abundance variation of major spore and pollen taxa through the succession, two palynological assemblage zones and four subzones are established within the interval 897.0–629.0 m. The zones are as follows; the Cyathidites–Pinuspollenites zone (Cyathidites–Deltoidospora–Pinuspollenites subzone, Cyathidites–Osmundacidites–Pinuspollenites–Cycadopites subzone, Cyathidites–Cycadopites subzone, Cyathidites–Pinuspollenites–Cycadopites subzone) and high Cyathidites zone in asce nding order. These zones are assigned to the Middle Jurassic (Aalenian to Bathonian) by comparison with palynological assemblage zones in other areas within China. Two distinct palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate types are reconstructed based on their ecological habits: (1) The vegetation was a mixed lowland fern–upland conifer forest, indicating a warm and humid climate during the deposition of the Yan'an Formation; (2) The vegetation was characterised by a lowland fern forest, still suggesting similar climate, but with reduced humidity during the deposition of the lower Zhiluo Formation. Such climate may be related to global warming, resulting from strong greenhouse effect, monsoon circulation, and volcanic activity.

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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article and stored at the Tianjin Centre, China Geological Survey.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Vivi Vajda and Dangpeng Xi for their constructive reviews contributing to this paper. We are grateful to Lu Huinan of the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences for his assistance with sample handing and palynomorphs identification.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant number 2018YFC0604200]; the International Geoscience Programme (grant number IGCP675) and the China Geological Survey [grant number 20190121].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Centre, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China

    Zenglian Xu, Yinhang Cheng, Cong Ao, Tianfu Zhang & Shaoyi Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Uranium Geology, China Geological Survey, Tianjin, 300170, China

    Zenglian Xu, Yinhang Cheng, Cong Ao & Tianfu Zhang

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Correspondence to Zenglian Xu.

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Xu, Z., Cheng, Y., Ao, C. et al. Middle Jurassic palaeoclimate changes within the central Ordos Basin based on palynological records. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 103, 21–42 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-021-00518-8

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