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First data on in situ pollen of Permotheca sardykensis Zalessky 1929 from the middle Permian of the Russian Platform

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Abstract

Pollen grains were extracted from sporangia of the pollen organ Permotheca sardykensis for the first time. The material originates from the middle Permian deposits of the Kostovaty locality (Udmurt Republic, Russia). The pollen grains were studied with light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The pollen grains are rounded to oval, protobisaccate, with a leptoma. The sacci are very small and difficult to see under transmitted light, but, in a scanning electron microscope, differ from the corpus region in their sculpture (they can be distinguished by their psilate surface versus verrucate corpus sculpture). The leptoma was distinguished in the transmission electron microscope only by a considerable thinning of the pollen wall. The pollen wall consists of two layers which may be interpreted as a thick ectexine without a clear subdivision into sublayers and a thin endexine. Outside the pollen grains, remnants of a thin probable tapetal layer are present. The observed results could arise from pollen wall deterioration during diagenesis or incomplete pollen wall development. The pollen grains from the sporangia of P. sardykensis strongly differ from in situ pollen types which were described from other Permotheca species earlier or were associated with Peltaspermales. This may indicate a heterogeneity of the genus Permotheca.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Dr. A.V. Gomankov (Komarov Botanical Institute, St-Petersburg, Russia), who kindly provided his material for this study, Dr. N.E. Zavialova (Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Moscow, Russia) and Dr. E.V. Karasev (Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Moscow, Russia) for their invaluable help and advice at all stages of the paper preparation, Dr. M.V. Tekleva (Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Moscow, Russia) for her comments on the text, N.I.Gabaraeva (Komarov Botanical Institute, St-Petersburg, Russia), and S.V. Polevova (Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia) for their help. Additional thanks to H. Nowak (Museum of Nature South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy), E. Kustatscher (Museum of Nature South Tyrol, Bolzano, Italy), and anonymous reviewers for their comments, thanks to which article was significantly supplemented, and M. Reich (Bavarian State Collection of Palaeontology and Geology, Munich, Germany) for his corrections. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-04-00498 a and PaISIRP Sepkoski Grant 2018.

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  1. Department of Biological Evolution, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    Tatiana Foraponova

  2. Laboratory of Paleobotany, Borissiak Paleontological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Tatiana Foraponova

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Foraponova, T. First data on in situ pollen of Permotheca sardykensis Zalessky 1929 from the middle Permian of the Russian Platform. PalZ 96, 575–589 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-021-00558-7

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