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A Study on Activation Algorithm of Finite Elements for Three-Dimensional Transient Heat Transfer Analysis of Directed Energy Deposition Process

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Abstract

Heat transfer finite element analysis (FEA) for directed energy deposition (DED) process is crucial to properly estimate the residual stress in the additive manufactured part. The material deposition of the DED process is generally simulated by activation of finite elements. However, the activation algorithm of inactive finite elements is complicated. Besides, existing element activation algorithm is not suitable for highly focused energy source. In order to overcome these discrepancies, an inactive element activation algorithm with two-element cross section has been proposed for simulating a DED process using a high intensity laser heat flux. The nodal temperature during the element activation has been evaluated. The proposed algorithm has been implemented into the heat transfer FEAs for multilayer and planar depositions to investigate the applicability of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the results of FEAs using the proposed algorithm have been compared to those of commercial software SYSWELD.

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Abbreviations

xe :

Mesh size in direction of deposition

r:

Radius of laser beam

tstep :

Step time

V:

Relative velocity between heat source and substrate

X:

x-Coordinate relative to moving frame of heat source

whalf :

Half width of deposited bead

Y:

y-Coordinate relative to moving frame of heat source

hb :

Height of deposited bead

Z:

z-Coordinate relative to moving frame of heat source

Q:

Volumetric heat flux

η:

Efficiency of laser

P:

Input power of laser

dp :

Penetration depth of laser beam

x:

x-Coordinate of node

Vx :

Velocity in x-direction

tlayer :

Process time during the current deposition layer

y:

y-Coordinate of node

Vy :

Velocity in y-direction

z:

z-Coordinate of node

T:

Nodal temperature

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by research fund from Chosun University, 2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea

    Bih-Lii Chua & Dong-Gyu Ahn

  2. Extreme Fabrication Technology Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 350-27, Gumi-daero, Gumi, 39253, Republic of Korea

    Ho-Jin Lee

  3. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Mississippi State University, 501 Hardy Road, 330 Walker Hall, Drawer A, Mississippi, MS, 39762, USA

    Yeqing Wang

Authors
  1. Bih-Lii Chua
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  2. Ho-Jin Lee
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  4. Yeqing Wang
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Correspondence to Dong-Gyu Ahn.

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Chua, BL., Lee, HJ., Ahn, DG. et al. A Study on Activation Algorithm of Finite Elements for Three-Dimensional Transient Heat Transfer Analysis of Directed Energy Deposition Process. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 20, 863–869 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-019-00118-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-019-00118-9

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