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RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effect of magnetic fields for laser welding process using carbon steel

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International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 12 November 2013

Abstract

A Multi-physics numerical model was developed to investigate the influence of a steady magnetic field aligned perpendicular to the welding direction during partial penetration fiber laser beam welding of carbon steel(SCP1-S) in down hand position. Two-dimensional fluid dynamics including phase transition and electromagnetic field partial differential equations were successfully solved with the finite element differential equation solver COMSOL Multiphysic 3.5. The use of magnetic fields to influence weld bead shape and dilution in laser welding of SCP1-S alloys was recently suggested. However, the interaction mechanisms between the SCP1-S melt and the magnetic field are not understood in detail yet, and consequently, the selection of process parameters is so far purely empirical. In this paper, recent results of a study to elucidate interaction mechanisms between a laser-induced melt pool and a magnetic field will be reported and discussed. Based on analytical models for the main potential interaction mechanisms, the relevance to typical welding conditions was assessed. The flow pattern in the melt as well as the weld bead geometry was significantly changed by the induced Lorentz force distribution in the liquid metal. The governing mechanisms identified were implemented into a COMSOL model for laser welding and the effect of the magnetic field on the resulting melt flow was investigated. To validate the results, welding trials were performed on a model system allowing to easily visualizing the effect of melt flow on melt bead dynamics using optical microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Chul-Ku Lee & Wooram Lee

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  1. Chul-Ku Lee
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  2. Wooram Lee
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Correspondence to Wooram Lee.

Additional information

The Editors of International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing (IJPEM) regret to report that this paper has been retracted due to significant similarity with the following paper published previously: Bachmann, M., Avilov, V., Gumenyuk, A., and Rethmeier, M., About the influence of a steady magnetic field on weld pool dynamics in partial penetration high power laser beam welding of thick aluminium parts, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 60, pp. 309-321, 2013. IJPEM follows strict ethical standards and warrants the retraction of any paper that violates these standards.

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Lee, CK., Lee, W. RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effect of magnetic fields for laser welding process using carbon steel. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 14, 1915–1923 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0260-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-013-0260-2

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