Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Deposit pattern of inkjet printed pico-liter droplet

  • Published:
International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The deposit pattern of an evaporating picoliter droplet is studied changing the solvents (water, diethylene glycol, and formamide), mixing composition of the solvents and substrate temperature. When depinning occurs in the early stage of the evaporation period, concentrated solute (or partially deposited solute, if any) also retracts with the receding droplet, resulting in dome shaped deposit patterns. When pinning is maintained during most of the evaporation period, either a ring deposit or a relatively uniform deposit is obtained depending on the type of solvent and heating condition. These results are explained by interplay of (1) radial outward flow due to the strong evaporation flux at the contact line of a sessile droplet, (2) inward Marangoni flow due to evaporative cooling and solvent concentration gradient, and (3) solute mixing by diffusion in liquid.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

Csat :

saturated vapor concentration (kg/m3)

Dsol :

solute diffusion coefficient in liquid (m2/s)

Dvap :

vapor diffusion coefficient in air (cm2/s)

d:

contact diameter (μm)

hfg :

enthalpy of vaporization (kJ/kg)

kB :

Boltzmann constant (J/K)

L:

length scale (m)

M:

molecular mass (g/mol)

Psat :

saturation vapor pressure (kPa)

R0 :

droplet radius before impact (μm)

Rp :

radius of particle (μm)

Tb :

boiling point at 1atm (°C)

Ts :

substrate temperature (°C)

tevap :

evaporation period (s)

tsol,diff :

time scale for solute diffusion (s)

tth,diff :

time scale for thermal diffusion (s)

v:

droplet volume (pL)

α:

thermal diffusivity of liquid (m2/s)

θ:

contact angle (°)

μ:

viscosity (mPa·s)

ρ:

density (g/cm3)

σ:

surface tension (mN/m)

χ:

fraction of volatile solvent

References

  1. Chung, J., Ko, S., Grigoropoulos, C. P., Bieri, N. R., Dockendorf, C., and Poulikakos, D., “Damage-free low temperature pulsed laser printing of gold nanoinks on polymers,” J. Heat Transfer, Vol. 127, No. 7, pp. 724–732, 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Koo, H. S., Chen, M., and Pan, P. C., “Fabrication and Chromatic Characteristics of the Greenish LCD Colour-filter Layer with Nano-particle Ink using Inkjet Printing Technique,” Displays, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 124–129, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Deegan, R., Bakajin, O., and Duopont, T. F., “Capillary Flow as the Cause of Ring Stains from Dried Liquid Drops,” Nature, Vol. 389, pp. 827–829, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Hu, H. and Larson, R. G., “Analysis of the Microfluid Flow in an Evaporating Sessile Droplet,” Langmuir, Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 3963–3971, 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Tekin, E., de Gans, B. J., and Schubert, U. S., “Ink-jet Printing of Polymers — from Single Dots to Thin Film Libraries,” J. Mat. Chem., Vol. 14, No. 17, pp. 2627–2632, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. de Gans, B. J. and Schubert, U. S., “Inkjet Printing of Welldefined Polymer Dots and Arrays,” Langmuir, Vol. 20, No. 18, pp. 7789–7793, 2004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kim, D., Jeong, S., Bong, B. K., and Moon, J., “Direct Writing of Silver Conductive Patterns: Improvement of Film Morphology and Conductance by Controlling Solvent Compositions,” App. Phy. Lett., Vol. 89, No. 26, Paper No. 264101, 2006.

  8. Park, J. and Moon, J., “Control of Colloidal Particle Deposit Patterns within Picoliter Droplets Ejected by Ink-jet Printing,” Langmuir, Vol. 22, No. 8, pp. 3506–3513, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sefiane, K., Tadrist, L., and Douglas, M., “Experimental Study of Evaporating Water-Ethanol Mixture Sessile Drop: Influence of Concentration,” Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 46, No. 23, pp. 4527–4534, 2003.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hu, H. R. and Larson, G., “Analysis of the Effects of Marangoni Stresses on the Microflow in an Evaporating Sessile Droplet,” Langmuir, Vol. 21, No. 9, pp. 3972–3980, 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hu, H. and Larson, R. G., “Marangoni Effect Reverses Coffeering Depositions,” J. Phy. Chem. B, Vol. 110, No. 14, pp. 7090–7094, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lim, T., Jeong, J., Chung, J., and Chung, J. T., “Evaporation of Inkjet Printed Pico-liter Droplet on Heated Substrates with Different Thermal Conductivity,” J. Mech. Sci. Tech., Vol. 23, pp. 1788–1794, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lim, T., Han, S., Chung, J., Chung, J. T., Ko, S., and Grigoropoulos, C. P., “Experimental Study on Spreading and Evaporation of Inkjet Printed Pico-liter Droplet on a Heated Substrate,” Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 52, No. 1–2, pp. 431–441, 2009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lide, D. R., “CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,” CRC Press, 2006.

  15. Poling, B. E., Prausnitz, J. M., and O’Connell, J. P., “The Properties of Gases and Liquids,” McGraw-Hill, 2000.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea, 136-716

    Taewoong Lim, Jungkeun Yang, Seungmi Lee, Jaewon Chung & Daehie Hong

Authors
  1. Taewoong Lim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jungkeun Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Seungmi Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jaewon Chung
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Daehie Hong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jaewon Chung.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lim, T., Yang, J., Lee, S. et al. Deposit pattern of inkjet printed pico-liter droplet. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 13, 827–833 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0108-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-012-0108-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation