Abstract
An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the tensile properties as a function of alloying element and microstructural factor of ferrite-pearlite steels. The input parameters of the model were composed of alloying elements (Mn, Si, Al, Nb, Ti, and V) and microstructural factors (pearlite fraction, ferrite grain size, interlamellar spacing, and cementite thickness), while the output parameters of the model were yield strength and tensile strength. Although the ferrite-pearlite steels have complex relationships among the alloying elements, microstructural factors, and tensile properties, the ANN model predictions were found to be more accurate with experimental results than the existing equation model. In the present study the individual effect of input parameters on the tensile properties was quantitatively estimated with the help of the average index of the relative importance for alloying elements as well as microstructural factors. The ANN model attempted from the metallurgical points of view is expected to be useful for designing new steels having required mechanical properties.
Graphic abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N.I. Kim, W. Gil, H.D. Lim, C.H. Choi, H.W. Lee, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 193–206 (2019)
F. Najafkhani, H. Mizadeh, M. Zamani, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 1039–1046 (2019)
S.I. Lee, S.Y. Lee, H.G. Jung, B. Hwang, Met. Mater. Int. 24, 1221–1231 (2018)
H.L. Kim, S.H. Park, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 14–24 (2020)
T. Brlic, S. Reskovic, I. Jandrlic, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 179–187 (2020)
D. Choi, H. Lee, S.K. Cho, H.C. Kim, S.K. Shin, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 867–881 (2020)
H.Y. Lee, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 1749–1756 (2020)
H.L. Kim, S.H. Bang, J.M. Choi, N.H. Tak, S.W. Lee, S.H. Park, Met. Mater. Int. 26, 1757–1765 (2020)
S.I. Lee, J.Y. Kang, S.Y. Lee, B. Hwang, J. Korean Soc. Heat Treat. 29, 8–14 (2016)
S.Y. Lee, S.I. Lee, B. Hwang, Mater Sci. Eng. A 711, 22–28 (2018)
J.H. Shim, B. Hwang, M.G. Lee, J. Lee, Calphad 62, 67–74 (2018)
G. Miyamoto, Y. Karube, T. Furuhara, Acta Mater. 103, 370–381 (2016)
F.B. Pickering, B. Garbarz, Scr. Metall. 21, 249–254 (1987)
T. Gladman, I.D. Mcivor, F.B. Pickering, J. Iron Steel Inst. 210, 916–930 (1972)
D.D. Chen, Y.C. Lin, Met. Mater. Int. 25, 1246–1257 (2019)
S.I. Lee, S.Y. Lee, J. Han, B. Hwang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 742, 334–343 (2019)
C. Zener, J.H. Holloman, J. Appl. Phys. 15, 22–32 (1944)
K.B. Kang, O. Kwon, W.B. Lee, C.G. Park, Scr. Mater. 36, 1303–1308 (1997)
S.I. Lee, J. Lee, B. Hwang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 758, 56–59 (2019)
X. Deng, T. Fu, Z. Wang, G. Liu, G. Wang, R.D.K. Misra, Met. Mater. Int. 23, 175–183 (2017)
H. Torkmani, S. Raygan, C.G. Mateo, J. Rassizadehghani, Y. Palizdar, Met. Mater. Int. 24, 773–788 (2018)
P.C. Collins, S. Koduri, B. Welk, J. Tiley, H.L. Fraser, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 44, 1441–1453 (2013)
G.Z. Quan, W.Q. Lv, Y.P. Mao, Y.W. Zhang, J. Zhou, Mater. Design 50, 51–61 (2013)
Y. Sun, W. Zeng, Y. Han, X. Ma, Y. Zhao, P. Guo, G. Wang, M.S. Dargusch, Comput. Mater. Sci. 60, 239–244 (2012)
W. Yu, M.Q. Li, J. Luo, S. Su, C. Li, Mater. Des. 31, 3282–3288 (2010)
N.S. Reddy, J. Krishnaiah, H.B. Young, J.S. Lee, Comput. Mater. Sci. 84, 120–126 (2015)
J. Kuisak, R. Kuziak, J. Mater. Process. Tech. 127, 115–121 (2002)
G. Khalaj, H. yoozbashizadeh, A. Khodabandeh, A. Nazari, Neural Comput. Appl. 22, 879–888 (2013)
B.E. O’Donnelly, R.L. Reuben, T.N. Baker, Met. Technol. 11, 45–51 (1984)
D.E. Rumelhart, G.E. Hinton, R.J. Williams, Nature 323, 533–536 (1986)
R.P. Lippmann, IEEE ASSP Mag. 4, 4–22 (1987)
N. Hansen, Scr. Mater. 51, 801–806 (2004)
K. Nakase, I.M. Bernstein, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 19, 2819–2829 (1988)
C.M. Bae, C.S. Lee, W.J. Nam, Mater. Sci. Tech. 18, 1317–1321 (2002)
C.M. Bae, W.J. Nam, Scr. Mater. 41, 313–318 (1999)
W.D. Callister, D.G. Rethwisch, Materials Science and Engineering, 8th edn. (Wiley, New York, 2010)
T. Gladman, The Physical Metallurgy of Microalloyed Steels (The Institute of Materials, London, 1997)
O.P. Modi, N. Deshmukh, D.P. Mondal, A.K. Jha, A.H. Yegneswaran, H.K. Khaira, Mater. Charact. 46, 347–352 (2001)
K. Matsuura, M. Tsukamoto, K. Watanabe, Acta Metall. 21, 1033–1044 (1973)
S.S. Xu, Y. Zhao, X. Tong, H. Guo, L. Chen, L.W. Sun, M. Peng, M.J. Chen, D. Chen, Y. Cui, G.A. Sun, S.M. Peng, Z.W. Zhang, J. Alloy. Comp. 712, 573–578 (2017)
T. Gladman, Mater. Sci. Tech. 15, 30–36 (1999)
T. Takahashi, M. Nagumo, Trans. Jpn. Inst. Met. 11, 113–119 (1970)
W.J. Nam, H.C. Choi, Mater Sci. Tech. 15, 527–530 (1999)
C.C. Anya, T.N. Baker, Mater Sci. Eng. A 118, 197–206 (1989)
Y.U. Heo, Y.Y. Song, S.J. Park, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, D.W. Suh, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 43, 1731–1735 (2012)
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (Grant No. 10063488) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE) and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B2009336). The authors would like to thank Drs. P.L. Narayana and Chan Hee Park of Korea Institute of Materials Science for the instruction of artificial neural network program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hong, TW., Lee, SI., Shim, JH. et al. Artificial Neural Network for Modeling the Tensile Properties of Ferrite-Pearlite Steels: Relative Importance of Alloying Elements and Microstructural Factors. Met. Mater. Int. 27, 3935–3944 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-021-00982-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-021-00982-z