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Moderation of Weight Misperception on the Associations Between Obesity Indices and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk

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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to investigate the gender-specific association between weight misperception and estimated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and gender-specific moderation of weight misperception in the associations between obesity indices and CVD risk.

Methods

In 7836 men and 10,299 women aged 40–79 years without CVD history from the 2014–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the risk of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was calculated using Pooled Cohort Equations. Weight misperception was defined as accurate estimation, overestimation, or underestimation by comparing perceived weight to actual weight category. Obesity indices were BMI and waist circumference (WC).

Results

In fully adjusted models, odds of 10-year ASCVD risk of ≥ 7.5% were lower in men with overestimating weight (odd ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.85 [0.73, 0.99] after adjusting for BMI;0.79 [0.68, 0.92] after adjusting for WC), but higher in women with underestimating weight (1.44 [1.27, 1.63] after adjusting for BMI;1.42 [1.26, 1.61] after adjusting for WC) compared to those with accurate weight estimates. Compared to women with accurate weight estimates, the ASCVD risk associated with obesity indices was higher in those who underestimated weight (ß [95% CI], 0.33 [0.23, 0.43] for BMI;0.16 [0.13, 0.20] for WC), whereas it was lower in those who overestimated weight (−0.15 [−0.28, −0.02] for BMI; −0.07 [−0.11, −0.03] for WC). In men, weight misperception did not moderate the association between obesity indices and the ASCVD risk.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that weight misperception was associated with estimated CVD risk independently across gender and moderates the association between obesity indices and estimated CVD risk in women.

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Funding

This work was funded by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2020S1A5C2A02092454).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75, Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea, (47392)

    Kayoung Lee

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Correspondence to Kayoung Lee.

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Ethics Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The current study and the original KNHANES 2014–2017 were classified under the exemption category for ethical review in the Bioethics and Safety Act, while the ethical review board approved the KNHANES 2018 of the Korea Centers for Disease Control (approval number: 2018–01-03-P-A).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Lee, K. Moderation of Weight Misperception on the Associations Between Obesity Indices and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Int.J. Behav. Med. 30, 89–96 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-022-10073-x

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