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Dangerous Agent or Saviour? HPV Vaccine Representations on Online Discussion Forums in Romania

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Abstract

Purpose

Whereas Romanian health officials have launched two national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaigns, the uptake rate remained insignificant. Understanding local perceptions of the vaccine is necessary, as they could inform future educational programmes. Given that social media provide new opportunities to communicate about vaccination, this paper sought to explore the public’s constructions of the HPV vaccine as they were expressed on Internet discussion forums.

Methods

Twenty discussion forums, with a total sample size of 2,240 comments (2007–2012), were included. We conducted a thematic analysis with a focus on language, informed by a discourse analytic approach.

Results

Positive discourses relying on evidence-based arguments or cancer-related experiences battled with negative discourses that focused mostly on pseudo-scientific information and affect-based testimonials. Both camps made use of appeals to authority in order to provide powerful messages. Critics expressed high levels of mistrust in the health system and perceived the vaccine as dangerous, as part of a conspiracy, as unnecessary or as a promoter of promiscuity. By contrast, supporters considered the HPV vaccine to be helpful and criticized the irrationality of opponents. Ambivalence and uncertainty also emerged, along with criticism toward the suboptimal organization of the vaccination programmes. Findings highlight ways in which views about the vaccine are embedded in broader perspectives about science, the national medical system, society development and economic inequality.

Conclusion

Online posts are likely to elicit fear and doubts around vaccination, which in turn may impair decisions. Findings indicate that targeted education campaigns are needed in order to address public concerns about vaccination.

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Notes

  1. Dr. Diane M. Harper is a researcher who worked on the safety and efficacy trials for the HPV vaccines.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Dr. Irina Todorova for her helpful comments on the manuscript.

This study was supported by the National Council for Eurasian and East European Research (NCEEER). The funding source had no role in the design, data collection, analysis and interpretation, writing of the paper or decision to publish.

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors Marcela Penţa and Adriana Băban declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Babes-Bolyai University, 37 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, CJ, 400015, Romania

    Marcela A. Penţa & Adriana Băban

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  1. Marcela A. Penţa
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Correspondence to Adriana Băban.

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Penţa, M.A., Băban, A. Dangerous Agent or Saviour? HPV Vaccine Representations on Online Discussion Forums in Romania. Int.J. Behav. Med. 21, 20–28 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9340-z

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