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Thrissina katana sp. nov., a new thryssa from the western Pacific Ocean, and redescription of Thrissina hamiltonii (Gray, 1835) (Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Engraulidae)

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Abstract

Thrissina katana sp. nov. is described as a new species of anchovy based on 65 specimens from the western Pacific Ocean. The new species is closely related to Thrissina hamiltonii (Gray, 1835), which is redescribed and a neotype proposed. Both species have a maxilla that is moderate in length, with the posterior tip slightly beyond the posterior margin of the opercle (not reaching to pectoral-fin insertion), a dark blotch behind the upper part of the gill opening, double black lines on the dorsum, and fewer than 16 lower rakers on the first gill arch. However, Thrissina katana sp. nov. differs from T. hamiltonii by having higher counts of total vertebrae (usually 46 (rarely 45 or 47) vs. 45 (rarely 46)) and total gill rakers on each gill arch (total gill rakers on first, second, third, and fourth total gill rakers 20–25 (modally 20), 20–24 (20), 14–17 (14), 12–17 (15), respectively, vs. 18–22 (20), 18–22 (20), 12–16 (14), 11–16 (14)), a narrower body (23.9–30.7% standard length vs. 28.5–32.0%), and longer pelvic-fins (7.5–10.2% standard length vs. 6.6–8.4%). A molecular analysis of 16 and 18 specimens of T. hamiltonii and T. katana sp. nov., respectively, revealed a 2.8% mean p-distance divergence in the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene between the two species.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank K.-T. Shao and S.-P. Huang (ASIZP), O. Crimmen, J. Maclaine, and N. Martin (BMNH), S. Kimura (FRLM), K. Matsuura, G. Shinohara, M. Nakae, and K. Kuriiwa (NSMT), E. Dondorp (RMNH), V. Vilasri (THNHM), J. Williams, K. Murphy, S. Raredon, and D. Pitassy (USNM), K. P. Lim and Z. Jaafar (ZRC), and M. Aizawa and K. Koeda (ZUMT) for opportunities to examine specimens of Thrissina and H.-C. Ho (NMMB) for sharing tissue samples. We also thank Y. Haraguchi and other volunteers, and students of KAUM and NSMT for their curatorial assistance, and G. Hardy (Ngunguru, New Zealand), for reading the manuscript and providing help with English. Vietnamese specimens were collected with the support of the Institute of Marine Environment and Resources (Haiphone) and the Ha Long Bay Management Department (Ha Long), with permission for the use of specimens granted by the Biodiversity Conservation Agency, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Hanoi). Malaysian specimens were collected during the JSPS Asian Core Program, “Establishment of Research and Education Network on Coastal Marine Science in Southeast Asia,”,and the JSPS Core-to-Core Program: B Asia-Africa Science Platforms, supported by the Ministry of Higher Education (Government of Malaysia), University Putra Malaysia, and University Malaysia Terengganu. Finally, we thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments which helped to improve this manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19K23691, JSPS Fellows (DC2: 29–6652) and the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society (28–745) to HH; JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 20H03311 and 21H03651; the JSPS Core-to-core CREPSUM JPJSCCB20200009; and “Establishment of Glocal Research and Education Network in the Amami Islands” project of Kagoshima University adopted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan to HM; and short term research grant 304/PBIOLOGI/6315400 from Universiti Sains Malaysia to SL.

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  1. Center for Molecular Biodiversity Research, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan

    Harutaka Hata

  2. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    Sébastien Lavoué

  3. The Kagoshima University Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan

    Hiroyuki Motomura

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  1. Harutaka Hata
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All authors collected specimens, worked up data, and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Harutaka Hata.

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Hata, H., Lavoué, S. & Motomura, H. Thrissina katana sp. nov., a new thryssa from the western Pacific Ocean, and redescription of Thrissina hamiltonii (Gray, 1835) (Teleostei: Clupeiformes: Engraulidae). Mar. Biodivers. 52, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-021-01228-2

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