Abstract
We report in situ observations that reveal the presence of the thorid genus Eualus at hydrothermally active sites. The shrimp Eualus amandae Nye, Copley & Linse, 2013 was first collected in non-venting sites but near areas of hydrothermal activity, on the East Scotia Ridge segment E9 and in the Kemp Caldera, South Sandwich Arc. During a recent expedition of RV Polarstern, specimens of Eualus amandae were observed via a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) at the East Scotia Ridge segment E2 and Kemp Caldera. The animals were seen in shimmering water sites on pillow basalts and at active hydrothermal orifices, both unambiguously hydrothermally active. These sites were also characterised by other vent marginal fauna, such as deep-water comatulid crinoids or stoloniferean cnidarians. The shrimp family Thoridae is more diverse in Antarctic waters than other shrimp families and these records suggest two independent origins of hydrothermal-related habitats in Lebbeus, and now Eualus. These records expand the understanding of the contribution of geothermal activity to larger patterns of Antarctic deep-sea biodiversity.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the scientific cruise leader for JC42, Prof. Alex Rogers, the masters and crews of RRS James Clark Ross and RV Polarstern, especially the technical teams of ROVs Isis and MARUM QUEST, and science teams onboard for logistic, technical, and shipboard support during JC42 and PS119. We thank Sammy De Grave, Cedric d’ Udekem d’Acoz, and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments that improved our manuscript. We are grateful to NERC for funding the ChEsSo Consortium Grant (NE/DO1249X/1), and to BMBF via Projektträger Jülich (03G0880A) for funding PS119. Studies in the East Scotia Sea were undertaken under permit S3-3/2009 (JC42) issued by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London, to section 3 of the Antarctic Act 1994 and permit RAP 2018/064(PS119) issued by the South Georgia and South Sandwich Government.
Funding
The ChEsSo research programme was funded by a NERC Consortium Grant (NE/DO1249X/1) and supported by the Census of Marine Life and the Sloan Foundation. PS119 was funded by BMBF via Projektträger Jülich (03G0880A).
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Supplement 1:
Dive445 Shrimps Scene1.mp4 – ESR segment E2, site E2_W in pillow basalt with cnidarian (MP4 124151 kb)
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Dive445 Shrimps Scene2.mp4 – ESR segment E2, site E2_W in shimmering water with crinoid – site 1 (MP4 52104 kb)
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Dive445 Shrimps Scene3.mp4 – ESR segment E2, site E2_W in shimmering water with crinoid – site 2 (MP4 36035 kb)
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Linse, K., Bohrmann, G. & Sigwart, J. Eualus amandae (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae) is an indicator of active venting sites in the Southern Ocean. Mar. Biodivers. 49, 2937–2942 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01018-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01018-x