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Insights into cryptic diversity and adaptive evolution of the clam Coelomactra antiquata (Spengler, 1802) from comparative transcriptomics

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Abstract

The clam Coelomactra antiquata (Spengler, 1802) is one of the most economically important marine bivalves in China. Previous genetic analysis shows that C. antiquata possibly consists of two cryptic species, a northern and a southern lineage. Some differences between the two lineages are observed in their morphology and fitness in aquaculture. However, little is known about the genetic basis of these differences. In this study, a comparative transcriptomics study was performed to provide additional information for delineating the cryptic species of C. antiquata, as well as insights into the adaptive evolution in the southern lineage of C. antiquata. A total of 4377 orthologous genes were identified using a phylogenetic tree-based approach. The Kimura 2-parameter genetic distances were 0.0385 between the two lineages of C. antiquata, and 0.006 within the northern lineage. The sequence divergences supports that the lineages represent two cryptic species. We identified 28 positively selected genes (PSGs) from the southern lineage of C. antiquata using a modified branch-site model. The PSGs were implicated in innate immune responses, metabolism, development, cell division, transmembrane transport, and signaling processes, which could be related to the higher disease resistance, growth rate, and adaptability of the southern lineage than its northern counterpart. The comparative transcriptome analysis provides a foundation for future investigations on the biological differences between the two lineages of C. antiquata.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Jiaojiao Niu for useful discussions and valuable suggestions. We thank Shuyin Chen for providing raw RNA-seq data. We also thank anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

Funding

This study was funded by A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution (PPZY2015B159), Open-end Fund of Key Laboratory of Aquaculture in South China Sea for Aquatic Economic Animal of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes (2011007), and Huaihai Institute of Technology Natural Science Fund (Z2012013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China

    Lefei Yi, Xin Shen & Xueping Meng

  2. Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China

    Lefei Yi, Ka Yan Ma, Jing Qin & Ka Hou Chu

  3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China

    Lefei Yi

  4. Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China

    Lefei Yi

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  1. Lefei Yi
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  2. Ka Yan Ma
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Correspondence to Xueping Meng.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed by the authors.

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Communicated by K. Kocot

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Yi, L., Ma, K.Y., Qin, J. et al. Insights into cryptic diversity and adaptive evolution of the clam Coelomactra antiquata (Spengler, 1802) from comparative transcriptomics. Mar Biodiv 49, 2311–2322 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-00964-w

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