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Deep-sea decapods sampled or observed with a manned submersible at the Rio Grande Rise (SW Atlantic), including the first record of four species from this region

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Abstract

The Rio Grande Rise (RGR) is a volcanic topographic structure of the Southwest Atlantic basin that rises over 3000 m from the seafloor and is located half way between the Brazilian continental margin (~ 30°S latitude) and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Previous records of decapods at the RGR are uncertain or non-existent. The observations and material examined here were collected by the manned submersible Shinkai 6500 during two dives to the plateau of the RGR main topographic feature, known as Alpha. Additional records were determined by analysing high-definition photos and videos obtained by the Shinkai 6500. Five species of deep-sea decapods were found: a Solenoceridae, Hymenopenaeus debilis Smith, 1882 previously sampled at the Brazilian slope; a Nematocarcinidae, Nematocarcinus parvus Burukovsky, 2000 previously unknown from the Atlantic Ocean; a Parapaguridae, Strobopagurus gracilipes (Milne-Edwards, 1891); a rare Palinuridae, Projasus parkeri (Stebbing, 1902); and the brachyuran Chaceon sanctaehelenae Manning & Holthuis, 1989 that were never sampled in the western Atlantic Ocean. The results show that the RGR decapod fauna is rare, unknown and, in its great majority, distinct, at the species level, from that found at the South American slope. At the genus and family levels, however, we can observe similarities between the RGR decapod fauna and that recorded on the South American slope. Unique exploration initiatives such as this can improve significantly the knowledge on western Atlantic deep-sea biodiversity and contribute to the understanding of deep-sea biogeography.

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks are due to the crew of the Shinkai 6500 manned submarine and the Yokosuka support vessel. The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Rafael Lemaitre (National Museum of Natural History, Washington, USA) for the help with identification of the Strobopagurus/pteropod association, and Dr. Marcos Tavares (MZUSP) for the brachyuran identification. Funding of Brazilian scientists for the ‘Iata Piuna’ cruise was provided by a grant from CAPES (Program CAPES – JSPS, AUXPE – JSPS – 0059-2013, Ministry of Education, Brazil). The second author is supported by a CPNq productivity fellowship (process 309837/2010-3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Setor de Carcinologia, Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional/UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20940-040, Brazil

    Irene Azevedo Cardoso

  2. Grupo de Estudos Pesqueiros, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas da Terra e do Mar, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, CP 360, R. Uruguai 458, Centro, Itajaí, SC, 88302-901, Brazil

    Jose Angel Alvarez Perez

  3. Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushimacho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan

    Hiroshi Kitazato

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  1. Irene Azevedo Cardoso
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  2. Jose Angel Alvarez Perez
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  3. Hiroshi Kitazato
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Correspondence to Irene Azevedo Cardoso.

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Communicated by C. Smith

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Cardoso, I.A., Perez, J.A.A. & Kitazato, H. Deep-sea decapods sampled or observed with a manned submersible at the Rio Grande Rise (SW Atlantic), including the first record of four species from this region. Mar Biodiv 48, 695–702 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0836-7

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