Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) modeling for archeological monument concerns with actual representation of features, shapes, texture, and fine details which reflect the real-world appearance to the displayed model. Recently, rapid development in digital photogrammetry and three-dimensional modeling technologies has been achieved and participated significantly to maintain the high quality of archeological documentation. With such evolution, 3D geographic information system (GIS) has been emerged with reality. Jerusalem, the old walled holy city, is like no other city in the world. Within its walls have occurred such great events in the history of mankind, the gorgeous Haram Al-Sharif with great Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock. In this study, 3D geospatial processing that include aerial stereophotograph, satellite images, close range images, and vector information was engaged and integrated to generate 3D GIS for Haram Al-Sharif. Three levels of details have been introduced: digital elevation model that represent topographic details of the area, digital surface model that include buildings and manmade features, and finally, a high-resolution 3D building; landmark objects with realistic photo textures for Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock is accomplished. For realistic representation of the study area, a three-dimensional GIS were prepared, where management, visualization, and flexible updating of such special data can be maintained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Natsheh Yusuf (2010) Haram al-Sharif (Noble Sanctuary) in discover Islamic art. Place: museum with no frontiers. Source: http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;pa;Mon01;1;en&cp
Chen L, Lee L (1993) Rigourous generation of digital orthophotos from SPOT images. Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 59:655–661
Dallas RW, Kerr J, Lunnon S, Bryan P (1995) Windsor castle: photogrammetric and archaeological recording after the fire. Photogrammetr Rec 15(86)
El-Hakim S, Beraldin A, Picard M (2002) Detailed 3D reconstruction of monuments using multiple techniques. In: ISPRS/CIPA International Workshop on Scanning for Cultural Heritage Recording, Corfu, Greece pp 58–64
Habib A, Mwafag G, Al-Ruzouq R, Kim EM (2004) 3-D modelling of historical sites using low-cost digital cameras. XXth Congress of ISPRS, 12–23 July, 2004
Hughes M, Mcdowell P, Marcus W (2006) Accuracy assessment of georectified aerial photographs: implications for measuring lateral channel movement in a GIS. J Geomorphol 74:1–16
Krishna B, Amitabh T, Srinivasan P, Srivastava K (2008) DEM generation from high resolution multi-view data product. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Vol. XXXVII. Part B1. Beijing pp 1099–1102
Lerma JL, Ruiz AL, Buchon F (2000) Application of spectral and textural classifications to recognise materials and damages on historical building facades. Int Arch Photogrammetr Remote Sens 33(B5):480–484
Noble Sanctuary (2008) The online guide to Al-Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem. Source: http://www.noblesanctuary.com/index.html
Rocchini D, Di Rita A (2005) Relief effects on aerial photos geometric correction. J Appl Geogr 25:159–168
Samadzadegan F, Ramzi P, Schenk T (2008) Aerial triangulation of digital aerial imagery using hybrid features. Int Arch Photogrammetr Remote Sens Spat Inf Sci. Vol. XXXVII. Part B1. Beijing 2008
Wang S, Ahmad A (2002) Digital architectural photogrammetric recording of historical building and monuments. NZ Surv 293:25–30
Wikipedia (2012) Al-Aqsa mosque. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Mosque
William E, Allan G (1995) Manging geographic information system projects. Oxford University Press, New York
Wüst T, Nebiker S, Landolt R (2004) Applying the 3D GIS DILAS to archaeology and cultural heritage projects—requirements and first results. Int Arch Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 34(Part 5):407–412
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Al-Ruzouq, R.I., Al-Rawashdeh, S.B., Tommalieh, O.A. et al. Photogrammetry and GIS for three-dimensional modeling of the Dome of the Rock. Appl Geomat 4, 257–267 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-012-0094-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-012-0094-0