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Evaluating the impacts of land use and climate changes on water ecosystem services in the Souss watershed, Morocco

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Abstract

Land use and climate changes have varying impacts on water ecosystem services (WES) that must be understood. However, not many studies have analyzed the combined effects of these changes on WES using multiple models at the watershed level. This study used Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) models to assess the influence of land use and climate change scenarios on water yield and sediment export in the Souss watershed. Resource Investment Optimization System (RIOS) model was used to build land use scenarios. The results showed increases in temperature and evapotranspiration but decreases in precipitation and erosivity in 2050 and 2090. Climate change had a greater impact on the WES than land use change. The results from the InVEST model demonstrated a decline in sediment export for transitioned scenario (16.7%–17.1%) and unprotected scenario (15.8%–16.2%) with further decreases in water yield (7.1%–7.7%) for both land use scenarios. However, sediment export (0.3%–2.7%) and water yield (0%–0.8%) increased under unprotected scenario but both decreased under transitioned scenario, respectively, when the SWAT model is applied. Using multiple models for WES assessment under climate and land use changes provides a broader horizon for proper decision-making.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity Conservation and Ecosystem Services Division, CSIR-Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, KNUST, P. O. Box UP 63, Kumasi, Ghana

    Kwadwo Kyenkyehene Kusi

  2. Ecole Nationale Forestière d’Ingénieurs, B P 511, Tabriquet, Salé, Morocco

    Abdellatif Khattabi

  3. Institut Scientifique, Geophysics and Natural Risks Laboratory, Center for Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC), Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco

    Nadia Mhammdi

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  1. Kwadwo Kyenkyehene Kusi
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Kusi, K.K., Khattabi, A. & Mhammdi, N. Evaluating the impacts of land use and climate changes on water ecosystem services in the Souss watershed, Morocco. Arab J Geosci 16, 126 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11206-6

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