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Shoreline changes in the river mouths of the Ceyhan Delta

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Abstract

Formed through natural processes, river deltas are also quite sensitive to changes in natural systems. In addition to this sensitivity, especially in the current time, humans can affect the deltas, either consciously or unconsciously. The Ceyhan Delta, the subject of this study, is being exposed to the impacts of such natural and anthropogenic factors, and as a result, it suffers from coastal erosion. After the flood in 1935, the Ceyhan River changed its riverbed began to discharge toward to the south instead of continuing to discharge eastward through its previous outlet. That event halted the sediment transport to the east part of the delta. Subsequently, the dams considerably reduced the amount of discharged water and transported sediment to the delta. The present study examined the shoreline alterations in the historical and newly created mouths of the Ceyhan River since the date of the oldest available aerial photography. After the analyses for the historical mouth, we observed a retreat in the shoreline that encompassed the whole study period. The average coastal erosion for this historical mouth was 12.05 m/year; however, at the new river mouth, the shoreline first advanced quickly then slowly and then began to retreat. Through the 20-year period of the new river mouth from 1953 to 1973, the new delta lobe was formed at a rate of 19.28 m/year. During 1973–1992, the alterations in the shoreline showed a positive direction at an average rate of 9.81 m/year. The average coastal erosion during 1992–2017 was 2.78 m/year.

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Source: Turkish State Meteorological Service observation records)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18100, Çankırı, Turkey

    Murat Ataol & M. Murat Kale

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  1. Murat Ataol
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  2. M. Murat Kale
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Correspondence to Murat Ataol.

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Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel

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Ataol, M., Kale, M.M. Shoreline changes in the river mouths of the Ceyhan Delta. Arab J Geosci 15, 201 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-09516-2

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